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<p>This study investigated the efficacy of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and chlorine dioxide (ClO<sub>2</sub>) in preventing the transmission of carp herpesvirus type II (CyHV-II) in <i>Carassius gibelio</i> to provide a scientific basis for controlling cyprinid herpesvirus disease in aquaculture. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to detect CyHV-II in fecal matter, fertilized eggs, fingerlings, and feed organisms, including rotifers and copepods, and to evaluate the virus-inactivating effects of PVP-iodine and ClO₂ disinfection. After disinfection treatment of key reserved samples, the virus titer test (TCID<sub>50</sub> and plaque test) was performed using the carp gill epithelial cell line. Post-disinfection egg hatchability and fry deformity rates were also assessed. The pathological changes of the gill, kidney, and spleen tissues were also observed in diseased fish before and after disinfection. Soaking fertilized eggs, rotifers, and copepods in 30–50&#xa0;mg/L PVP-iodine or 6–8&#xa0;mg/L ClO₂ for 30&#xa0;min significantly reduced the CyHV-II viral nucleic acid copies. The TCID₅₀ titration results of the CyHV-II virus in vitro infectivity titers (Log₁₀, Mean ± SD) decreased by 4.3–7.0 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) and 4.3–7.0 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), respectively, following disinfection treatment with 30–50&#xa0;mg/L PVP-iodine or 6–8&#xa0;mg/L ClO₂. Histopathological observations showed that after disinfection treatment, the abnormalities in the gills, kidneys, and spleens of diseased fish gradually resolved. The study preliminarily demonstrates that disinfection treatment with PVP-iodine and ClO₂ hypochlorite against CyHV-II can reduce the risk of viral transmission by lowering viral load and viral infectivity in vitro.</p>

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Effect of povidone-iodine and chlorine dioxide disinfection on reducing transmission of carp herpesvirus type II in Carassius gibelio

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Rong-Jing Huang,
  • Hai-Jun Tian,
  • Sheng-Jie Ren

摘要

This study investigated the efficacy of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) in preventing the transmission of carp herpesvirus type II (CyHV-II) in Carassius gibelio to provide a scientific basis for controlling cyprinid herpesvirus disease in aquaculture. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to detect CyHV-II in fecal matter, fertilized eggs, fingerlings, and feed organisms, including rotifers and copepods, and to evaluate the virus-inactivating effects of PVP-iodine and ClO₂ disinfection. After disinfection treatment of key reserved samples, the virus titer test (TCID50 and plaque test) was performed using the carp gill epithelial cell line. Post-disinfection egg hatchability and fry deformity rates were also assessed. The pathological changes of the gill, kidney, and spleen tissues were also observed in diseased fish before and after disinfection. Soaking fertilized eggs, rotifers, and copepods in 30–50 mg/L PVP-iodine or 6–8 mg/L ClO₂ for 30 min significantly reduced the CyHV-II viral nucleic acid copies. The TCID₅₀ titration results of the CyHV-II virus in vitro infectivity titers (Log₁₀, Mean ± SD) decreased by 4.3–7.0 (P < 0.05) and 4.3–7.0 (P < 0.05), respectively, following disinfection treatment with 30–50 mg/L PVP-iodine or 6–8 mg/L ClO₂. Histopathological observations showed that after disinfection treatment, the abnormalities in the gills, kidneys, and spleens of diseased fish gradually resolved. The study preliminarily demonstrates that disinfection treatment with PVP-iodine and ClO₂ hypochlorite against CyHV-II can reduce the risk of viral transmission by lowering viral load and viral infectivity in vitro.