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<p>The mandibular organ (MO) synthesizes and secretes methyl farnesoate (MF), which has been demonstrated to affect ovarian development in crustacean species. The present study examined the changes in MO appearance and histology, MF biosynthetic rate, and content of the swimming crab <i>Portunus trituberculatus</i> in different ovarian developmental stages or months, and analyzed its possible correlation with GSI. The results demonstrated that: (1) The MO underwent substantial alterations in external characteristics and histology during the ovarian development of <i>P. trituberculatus</i>. Specifically, the following stages were observed: Stage I: the MO appeared transparent and hard to find; there were fewer gland cells in the MO at this stage; Stage II: The MO appeared buff and was clearly distinguishable; Stage III: The MO was oval, and the diameter and NR of gland cells were highest in this stage; Stage IV: The MO was flocculent, and the volume of hemolymph sinus in the MO became larger than that of stage III; Stage V: The MO appeared buff and its volume became smaller. (2) The synthesis rate of MF in MO and the MF level in the hemolymph exhibited a continuous increase from ovarian stages I to III, reaching a maximum at stage III (27.96 ± 30.36&#xa0;pmol/h.ind.gland and 4.79 ± 0.83&#xa0;ng/mL, respectively). Thereafter, there was a decline from ovarian stage IV to V. Utilizing bilinear regression analysis, it was demonstrated that the synthesis rate of MF and its level exhibited a significant positive correlation with GSI in stages I–III, while a negative correlation was observed in stages IV–V. The results of the study demonstrate that MF exerts a stimulatory effect on ovarian maturation, which is stage-specific.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Changes of mandibular organ, biosynthesis rate of methyl farnesoate, and their hemolymph levels during the ovarian development of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Meimei Liu,
  • Zhijun Liu,
  • Changkao Mu,
  • Jianfeng Lu,
  • Zhenpeng Kai,
  • Xugan Wu

摘要

The mandibular organ (MO) synthesizes and secretes methyl farnesoate (MF), which has been demonstrated to affect ovarian development in crustacean species. The present study examined the changes in MO appearance and histology, MF biosynthetic rate, and content of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus in different ovarian developmental stages or months, and analyzed its possible correlation with GSI. The results demonstrated that: (1) The MO underwent substantial alterations in external characteristics and histology during the ovarian development of P. trituberculatus. Specifically, the following stages were observed: Stage I: the MO appeared transparent and hard to find; there were fewer gland cells in the MO at this stage; Stage II: The MO appeared buff and was clearly distinguishable; Stage III: The MO was oval, and the diameter and NR of gland cells were highest in this stage; Stage IV: The MO was flocculent, and the volume of hemolymph sinus in the MO became larger than that of stage III; Stage V: The MO appeared buff and its volume became smaller. (2) The synthesis rate of MF in MO and the MF level in the hemolymph exhibited a continuous increase from ovarian stages I to III, reaching a maximum at stage III (27.96 ± 30.36 pmol/h.ind.gland and 4.79 ± 0.83 ng/mL, respectively). Thereafter, there was a decline from ovarian stage IV to V. Utilizing bilinear regression analysis, it was demonstrated that the synthesis rate of MF and its level exhibited a significant positive correlation with GSI in stages I–III, while a negative correlation was observed in stages IV–V. The results of the study demonstrate that MF exerts a stimulatory effect on ovarian maturation, which is stage-specific.

Graphical Abstract