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<p>Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) impair intestinal barrier function by disrupting intestinal permeability. Reasonably supplementing gamma aminobutyric (GABA) or regulating its levels has a positive effect on promoting fish growth and improving intestinal health. Therefore, it is valuable to investigate the effects of GABA on snakehead growth and LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage. In this study, a model for intestinal mucosal barrier damage was created by administering 1.0&#xa0;mg/mL LPS injection into the anus over a period of 48&#xa0;h in snakehead. Prior to LPS challenge, fish (5.19 ± 0.12&#xa0;g) were fed with different levels of GABA (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120&#xa0;mg/kg) for 56&#xa0;days. Results showed that LPS induced obvious intestinal damage, while GABA effectively alleviated this phenomenon. In addition, intestinal permeability-related parameters (DAO and LPS) were dramatically increased in LPS group, while these parameters dramatically decreased in remission groups. Correspondingly, LPS altered species composition, α-diversity, and β-diversity in biological barrier; digestive enzymes (AMY, LIP, and TRY) and gastrointestinal hormones (CCK and GHRL) in chemical barrier; tight junction structures and tight junction-related genes (<i>claudin-1</i>, <i>claudin-5</i>, <i>occludin</i>, and <i>zo-1</i>) in physical barrier and inflammatory factors (IL-1β and TNF-α); and immune-related genes (<i>igm</i>, <i>igt</i>, <i>mhc-I</i>, and <i>pigr</i>) in immune barrier. Nevertheless, the addition of GABA to feed effectively improved LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage. Therefore, GABA positively impacted growth and LPS-induced intestinal damage in snakehead, which provided a favorable foundation for the nutritional regulation of their intestinal mucosal barrier.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Positive effects of gamma aminobutyric acid on growth and lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage in snakehead (Channa argus)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月24日

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  • Xue-qin Wu,
  • Xu-nan Li,
  • Feng-kun Cai,
  • Yun-jie Lin,
  • Xiao-tian Niu,
  • Xiu-mei Chen,
  • Yan-nan Tong,
  • Gui-qin Wang

摘要

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) impair intestinal barrier function by disrupting intestinal permeability. Reasonably supplementing gamma aminobutyric (GABA) or regulating its levels has a positive effect on promoting fish growth and improving intestinal health. Therefore, it is valuable to investigate the effects of GABA on snakehead growth and LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage. In this study, a model for intestinal mucosal barrier damage was created by administering 1.0 mg/mL LPS injection into the anus over a period of 48 h in snakehead. Prior to LPS challenge, fish (5.19 ± 0.12 g) were fed with different levels of GABA (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 mg/kg) for 56 days. Results showed that LPS induced obvious intestinal damage, while GABA effectively alleviated this phenomenon. In addition, intestinal permeability-related parameters (DAO and LPS) were dramatically increased in LPS group, while these parameters dramatically decreased in remission groups. Correspondingly, LPS altered species composition, α-diversity, and β-diversity in biological barrier; digestive enzymes (AMY, LIP, and TRY) and gastrointestinal hormones (CCK and GHRL) in chemical barrier; tight junction structures and tight junction-related genes (claudin-1, claudin-5, occludin, and zo-1) in physical barrier and inflammatory factors (IL-1β and TNF-α); and immune-related genes (igm, igt, mhc-I, and pigr) in immune barrier. Nevertheless, the addition of GABA to feed effectively improved LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage. Therefore, GABA positively impacted growth and LPS-induced intestinal damage in snakehead, which provided a favorable foundation for the nutritional regulation of their intestinal mucosal barrier.

Graphical abstract