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<p>Recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs) have been applied to various fish species, yet studies on their use for culturing large yellow croaker (<i>Larimichthys crocea</i>) remain scarce. This study assessed the potential of RAS by examining the effects of three initial stocking densities—low stocking density (LSD, 4.01&#xa0;kg/m<sup>3</sup>), medium stocking density (MSD, 7.01&#xa0;kg/m<sup>3</sup>), and high stocking density (HSD, 10.01&#xa0;kg/m<sup>3</sup>)—over a 60-day period. Results showed that fish in the MSD group achieved significantly greater final body weight and survival rates compared to those in the LSD and HSD groups (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Gastric pepsin activity declined with increasing density, whereas intestinal α-amylase activity increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, MSD exhibited lower serum glycosylated protein (GSP) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) levels than those in the other two groups (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), along with reduced levels of hepatic markers related to oxidative stress and metabolism, including alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Histological analysis indicated that intestinal muscular layer thickness followed the order MSD &gt; HSD &gt; LSD (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), with MSD fish showing the most intact tissue structure. Microbiome profiling revealed the highest abundance of <i>Firmicutes</i> in the MSD group and a density-dependent decline in <i>Proteobacteria</i>. Collectively, these results suggest that moderate stocking density in RAS promotes superior growth performance, physiological stability, and intestinal health in <i>Larimichthys crocea</i>, providing a viable pathway toward more sustainable and efficient aquaculture practices.</p>

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A comprehensive perspective on intestinal health, physiological status, and growth performance of Larimichthys crocea with different stocking densities in recirculating aquaculture systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月20日

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  • Songpeng Jia,
  • Mengqi Lu,
  • Tianyi Lan,
  • Zhenyu Gao,
  • Ran Meng,
  • Xuelei Wang,
  • Xiongfei Wu,
  • Lin Huang,
  • Xujie Li,
  • Zhongming Zheng,
  • Weiliang Shen

摘要

Recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs) have been applied to various fish species, yet studies on their use for culturing large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) remain scarce. This study assessed the potential of RAS by examining the effects of three initial stocking densities—low stocking density (LSD, 4.01 kg/m3), medium stocking density (MSD, 7.01 kg/m3), and high stocking density (HSD, 10.01 kg/m3)—over a 60-day period. Results showed that fish in the MSD group achieved significantly greater final body weight and survival rates compared to those in the LSD and HSD groups (P < 0.05). Gastric pepsin activity declined with increasing density, whereas intestinal α-amylase activity increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MSD exhibited lower serum glycosylated protein (GSP) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) levels than those in the other two groups (P < 0.05), along with reduced levels of hepatic markers related to oxidative stress and metabolism, including alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Histological analysis indicated that intestinal muscular layer thickness followed the order MSD > HSD > LSD (P < 0.05), with MSD fish showing the most intact tissue structure. Microbiome profiling revealed the highest abundance of Firmicutes in the MSD group and a density-dependent decline in Proteobacteria. Collectively, these results suggest that moderate stocking density in RAS promotes superior growth performance, physiological stability, and intestinal health in Larimichthys crocea, providing a viable pathway toward more sustainable and efficient aquaculture practices.