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<p>The barred spiny eel, <i>Macrognathus pancalus</i>, is a high-value food fish with significant market demand but limited aquaculture due to the absence of a defined culture protocol. Health monitoring is crucial for early disease detection, risk assessment, and optimizing rearing conditions and disease management. Hence, this study evaluated the health status of wild <i>M. pancalus</i> from natural waters in West Bengal and farmed counterparts from ICAR-CIFA and RRC, Rahara, to facilitate its integration into aquaculture. The assessment included the study of health indices, hematological profiles, histology, stress biomarkers, and microbial diversity of eel from both environments. Results revealed that wild fish exhibited a higher Health Assessment Index (HAI), greater coefficient of variation (CV), and noticeable organ anomalies, alongside elevated levels of stress biomarkers. In contrast, farmed fish demonstrated significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) higher erythro-nuclear dimensions and hemoglobin levels, reflecting better overall health. Parasitological examinations identified the presence of <i>Thelohanellus</i> sp., <i>Trichodina</i> sp., and nematodes in wild fish with marked alterations in liver and kidney tissues. Bacterial loads were higher in wild fish, with <i>Pseudomonadaceae</i> being the dominant bacterial family in both groups. Antibiotic resistance profiling indicated a multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index ranging from 0 to 0.58, with higher resistance levels in wild fish. The environmental differences between natural and farmed conditions influenced fish health and microbial diversity. The study highlights the need for environmental management and aquaculture adoption to conserve this high-valued indigenous eel from the wild.</p>

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Comparative health assessment of wild and farmed barred spiny eel, Macrognathus pancalus (Hamilton, 1822)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月3日

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  • Farhana Hoque,
  • Subhendu Adhikari,
  • Ajmal Hussan,
  • Baidya Nath Paul,
  • Rathindranath Mandal,
  • Arabinda Das,
  • Subhas Sarkar,
  • Pramoda Kumar Sahoo

摘要

The barred spiny eel, Macrognathus pancalus, is a high-value food fish with significant market demand but limited aquaculture due to the absence of a defined culture protocol. Health monitoring is crucial for early disease detection, risk assessment, and optimizing rearing conditions and disease management. Hence, this study evaluated the health status of wild M. pancalus from natural waters in West Bengal and farmed counterparts from ICAR-CIFA and RRC, Rahara, to facilitate its integration into aquaculture. The assessment included the study of health indices, hematological profiles, histology, stress biomarkers, and microbial diversity of eel from both environments. Results revealed that wild fish exhibited a higher Health Assessment Index (HAI), greater coefficient of variation (CV), and noticeable organ anomalies, alongside elevated levels of stress biomarkers. In contrast, farmed fish demonstrated significantly (P < 0.05) higher erythro-nuclear dimensions and hemoglobin levels, reflecting better overall health. Parasitological examinations identified the presence of Thelohanellus sp., Trichodina sp., and nematodes in wild fish with marked alterations in liver and kidney tissues. Bacterial loads were higher in wild fish, with Pseudomonadaceae being the dominant bacterial family in both groups. Antibiotic resistance profiling indicated a multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index ranging from 0 to 0.58, with higher resistance levels in wild fish. The environmental differences between natural and farmed conditions influenced fish health and microbial diversity. The study highlights the need for environmental management and aquaculture adoption to conserve this high-valued indigenous eel from the wild.