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<p>Based on the Timoshenko beam theory, a model for mass resonator sensor to detect multiple particles is developed. For a beam made of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), the nonlocal effects are incorporated in the governing equations. The approximate analytical solution for the resonance frequency of the system is derived by assuming that the mass of the adsorbed particles is much smaller than that of the system. The mass and position parameters of the multiple adsorbed particles are decoupled to establish an efficient detection method utilizing resonant frequency shifts. The identification process for the doubly clamped beam is systematically analyzed in numerical simulations. In addition, the axial force arising from temperature changes is incorporated into the beam model. The robustness of the proposed particle detection method against noise is analyzed. The model and analytical framework presented in this study provide a theoretical guideline for the design of nanoscale mass resonator sensors and particle mass detection under thermomechanical coupling conditions.</p>

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Multi-particle mass sensing based on a single-walled carbon nanotube resonator

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • Jie Wang,
  • Yin Zhang

摘要

Based on the Timoshenko beam theory, a model for mass resonator sensor to detect multiple particles is developed. For a beam made of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), the nonlocal effects are incorporated in the governing equations. The approximate analytical solution for the resonance frequency of the system is derived by assuming that the mass of the adsorbed particles is much smaller than that of the system. The mass and position parameters of the multiple adsorbed particles are decoupled to establish an efficient detection method utilizing resonant frequency shifts. The identification process for the doubly clamped beam is systematically analyzed in numerical simulations. In addition, the axial force arising from temperature changes is incorporated into the beam model. The robustness of the proposed particle detection method against noise is analyzed. The model and analytical framework presented in this study provide a theoretical guideline for the design of nanoscale mass resonator sensors and particle mass detection under thermomechanical coupling conditions.