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<p>This paper focuses on the environmental distribution (geographical and temporal) of indigenous yeast between four Mediterranean agroecosystems (barley, faba bean, olive, and vine) and assesses their efficacy as biofertilisers. The analysis indicates high seasonal variations and spatial heterogeneity of yeast communities and density extended between 3 × 10<sup>2</sup> and 4.5 × 10<sup>4</sup>&#xa0;CFU/g of soil that depend on five determining factors, which control this distribution, namely, crop type, phenological cycles, rhizospheric effects, vertical stratification, and seasonal variation. These populations are also greatly influenced by pedological characteristics (pH, conductivity and organic matter). Molecular identification of 13 isolates based on their plant growth-promoting (PGP) character displays an extraordinary taxonomic variety, including <i>Candida parapsilosis</i>, <i>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</i>, <i>Candida membranifaciens</i>, and <i>Schwanniomyces occidentalis</i>. A single isolate (EFOb3) was clustered into the <i>Blastobotrys proliferans</i> complex, although with some quantifiable genetic variation, which suggests the possibility of a divergent lineage that may require further taxonomic research. Inoculation experiments with faba bean and barley show considerable results of promoting growth. The best performance is demonstrated by <i>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</i> P2Olc1 and led to an enhancement of root biomass by 59.7% in barley and 37.5% in faba bean, with notable impacts on root length (+ 58.7% barley), fresh weight (+ 27.4%), and chlorophyll content (+ 24.4%). It is also remarkable that the <i>C. membranifaciens</i> PFOs2 sample shows exceptional performance, where the growth of barley shoots increases to 36.35%. The statistical superiority of <i>R. mucilaginosa</i> P2Olc1 is confirmed with the inference through principal component analysis (PCA) validating phosphorus solubilisation capacity (SI = 74.97%) and the production of ammonia as well as <i>C. membranifaciens</i> PFOs2, which shows excellent IAA production (31.04&#xa0;µg/mL). This ecology-biotechnology combination offers a bridge toward sustainable agriculture by decreasing the reliance on chemicals without compromising on agricultural productivity by exploiting and biostimulating native and indigenous microbial resources.</p>

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Geo-temporal distribution and biotechnological valorization of indigenous soil yeasts in Mediterranean agroecosystems for sustainable farming solutions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月27日

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  • Youssouf Khiter,
  • Meriem Amina Rezki-Bekki,
  • Cecile Grondin,
  • Abdelkader Bekki

摘要

This paper focuses on the environmental distribution (geographical and temporal) of indigenous yeast between four Mediterranean agroecosystems (barley, faba bean, olive, and vine) and assesses their efficacy as biofertilisers. The analysis indicates high seasonal variations and spatial heterogeneity of yeast communities and density extended between 3 × 102 and 4.5 × 104 CFU/g of soil that depend on five determining factors, which control this distribution, namely, crop type, phenological cycles, rhizospheric effects, vertical stratification, and seasonal variation. These populations are also greatly influenced by pedological characteristics (pH, conductivity and organic matter). Molecular identification of 13 isolates based on their plant growth-promoting (PGP) character displays an extraordinary taxonomic variety, including Candida parapsilosis, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Candida membranifaciens, and Schwanniomyces occidentalis. A single isolate (EFOb3) was clustered into the Blastobotrys proliferans complex, although with some quantifiable genetic variation, which suggests the possibility of a divergent lineage that may require further taxonomic research. Inoculation experiments with faba bean and barley show considerable results of promoting growth. The best performance is demonstrated by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa P2Olc1 and led to an enhancement of root biomass by 59.7% in barley and 37.5% in faba bean, with notable impacts on root length (+ 58.7% barley), fresh weight (+ 27.4%), and chlorophyll content (+ 24.4%). It is also remarkable that the C. membranifaciens PFOs2 sample shows exceptional performance, where the growth of barley shoots increases to 36.35%. The statistical superiority of R. mucilaginosa P2Olc1 is confirmed with the inference through principal component analysis (PCA) validating phosphorus solubilisation capacity (SI = 74.97%) and the production of ammonia as well as C. membranifaciens PFOs2, which shows excellent IAA production (31.04 µg/mL). This ecology-biotechnology combination offers a bridge toward sustainable agriculture by decreasing the reliance on chemicals without compromising on agricultural productivity by exploiting and biostimulating native and indigenous microbial resources.