A hybrid model proposal and an application for solving the problem of solid waste collection
摘要
The increasing amount of municipal household solid waste generated due to population growth and rising consumption has become a major environmental and economic problem for local governments. Waste collection and transportation activities constitute a significant portion of municipal solid waste management costs and are commonly formulated as vehicle routing problems. This study addresses a real-world municipal household solid waste collection problem involving 280 waste container locations in the Veysel Karani neighbourhood of Şanlıurfa, Türkiye. To solve the problem, a hybrid particle swarm optimisation algorithm combining particle swarm optimisation and local search strategies is proposed. The performance of the proposed algorithm was compared with linear programming, ArcGIS, real-life routing results, and previously developed metaheuristic approaches in the literature. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm produced superior results, particularly for medium- and large-sized problem sets. Overall, the proposed method achieved 7.81% improvement over the linear programming model, 5.23% over the ArcGIS method, 33.46% over actual operational routes, and 0.24% over the improved hybrid firefly and particle swarm optimisation algorithm. In addition, statistical analyses based on Friedman and Wilcoxon tests confirmed that the proposed algorithm significantly outperformed the competing methods. The findings indicate that the proposed approach can provide an effective and practical solution for real-world municipal household solid waste collection problems.