<p>In this paper, we obtain joint simultaneous approximation of analytic functions defined on the strip <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10476_2025_116_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="184" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\{s\in \mathbb{C}: 1/2&lt; \operatorname{Re} s&lt;1\}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mo>Re</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> by shifts <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10476_2025_116_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="232" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( { (L(s+i\tau, \chi_1), \dots, L(s+i\tau, \chi_r)) } \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mi>τ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mi>τ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of Dirichlet <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10476_2025_116_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>L</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-functions with non-equivalent Dirichlet characters in short intervals, i.e., intervals <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10476_2025_116_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="77" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\([T,T+H]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10476_2025_116_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="135" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(T^{27/82} \leq H \leq T^{1/2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mn>27</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>82</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <msup> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. It is proved that the set of such approximating shifts has a positive lower density, and even positive density for all but at most countably many approximation accuracies. For the proof, the probabilistic approach is used.</p>

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Universality of Dirichlet \(L\)-functions in short intervals

  • A. Laurinčikas

摘要

In this paper, we obtain joint simultaneous approximation of analytic functions defined on the strip \(\{s\in \mathbb{C}: 1/2< \operatorname{Re} s<1\}\) { s C : 1 / 2 < Re s < 1 } by shifts \( { (L(s+i\tau, \chi_1), \dots, L(s+i\tau, \chi_r)) } \) ( L ( s + i τ , χ 1 ) , , L ( s + i τ , χ r ) ) of Dirichlet \(L\) L -functions with non-equivalent Dirichlet characters in short intervals, i.e., intervals \([T,T+H]\) [ T , T + H ] with \(T^{27/82} \leq H \leq T^{1/2}\) T 27 / 82 H T 1 / 2 . It is proved that the set of such approximating shifts has a positive lower density, and even positive density for all but at most countably many approximation accuracies. For the proof, the probabilistic approach is used.