<p>This paper investigates the Cauchy problem for the Chern-Simons gauged nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a power-type nonlinearity. Previous studies on this equation usually relied on restrictive assumptions, such as radial symmetric initial data or mass-critical exponent (<i>p</i> = 4). This work overcomes these limitations by employing Kato’s theorem, energy method, and an approximation technique. Specifically, for both cases of mass-critical exponent and mass-supercritical exponent (<i>p</i> &gt; 4), we establish the local well-posedness of the Cauchy problem without the assumption of radial symmetry property to the initial data. Additionally, a sharp threshold is obtained for the global existence and blow-up to time-dependent solutions.</p>