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<p>This paper presents a tri-band metamaterial unit cell based on a compact split-ring resonator and developed using an original continuously variable impedance line approach. With reduced electrical dimensions of 0.05λg × 0.06λg at 2.45&#xa0;GHz, the cell exhibits three distinct resonances at 2.45&#xa0;GHz, 5.35&#xa0;GHz, and 8.95&#xa0;GHz. The results demonstrate its ability to generate different metamaterial behaviors, namely negative epsilon (ENG), negative mu (MNG), and double negative (DNG). An effective medium ratio (EMR) of 12.25 at 2.45&#xa0;GHz highlights its exceptional compactness, while high quality factors (approximately 144, 105, and 149) at the resonant frequencies confirm its efficiency. An equivalent circuit model was also developed, demonstrating good agreement with numerical simulations. The structure was evaluated using 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 arrays, producing results which showed sufficient agreement for consideration in S-, C-, and X-band wireless communications. These remarkable characteristics, combined with the simplicity of its design, make this cell a promising element for multi-band RF and microwave applications.</p>

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A novel compact tri-band split ring resonator with continuously varying impedance lines for multiband wireless communications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月15日

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  • Zied Troudi,
  • Arousi Sassi,
  • Lassad Latrach

摘要

This paper presents a tri-band metamaterial unit cell based on a compact split-ring resonator and developed using an original continuously variable impedance line approach. With reduced electrical dimensions of 0.05λg × 0.06λg at 2.45 GHz, the cell exhibits three distinct resonances at 2.45 GHz, 5.35 GHz, and 8.95 GHz. The results demonstrate its ability to generate different metamaterial behaviors, namely negative epsilon (ENG), negative mu (MNG), and double negative (DNG). An effective medium ratio (EMR) of 12.25 at 2.45 GHz highlights its exceptional compactness, while high quality factors (approximately 144, 105, and 149) at the resonant frequencies confirm its efficiency. An equivalent circuit model was also developed, demonstrating good agreement with numerical simulations. The structure was evaluated using 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 arrays, producing results which showed sufficient agreement for consideration in S-, C-, and X-band wireless communications. These remarkable characteristics, combined with the simplicity of its design, make this cell a promising element for multi-band RF and microwave applications.