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<p>Climate change threatens Ghana’s socio-ecological systems due to reliance on climate-sensitive livelihoods and institutional constraints. A critical review is important because existing evidence on agroforestry’s climate role remains fragmented across isolated studies, lacking a systematic synthesis of mitigation and adaptation pathways, policy-practice gaps, and socio-cultural adoption factors in the Ghanaian context. This review examines agroforestry’s role in climate change mitigation and adaptation in Ghana, aiming to: (i) synthesize global evidence on agroforestry as a climate mitigation and adaptation strategy; (ii) assess the current state, strengths, and limitations of agroforestry practices in Ghana; and (iii) examine policy, socio-cultural, and ecological factors shaping adoption. A narrative literature review was employed, drawing on peer-reviewed articles, policy documents, and grey literature (2000–2025) from Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, FAO, IPCC, and Ghanaian institutions. Data were thematically analyzed using Sen’s Capability Approach and the Socio-Ecological Resilience Framework. The review finds that agroforestry systems in Ghana enhance carbon sequestration, soil fertility, microclimate regulation, biodiversity conservation, household income diversification, and smallholder resilience to droughts and rainfall variability. Cocoa agroforestry and parkland systems contribute substantially to ecosystem restoration and livelihood buffering in forest and savannah zones. However, adoption remains uneven due to insecure land and tree tenure, weak institutional coordination, limited extension capacity, and gendered access to resources. The study concludes that agroforestry constitutes a viable socio-ecological strategy for climate resilience in Ghana, but its scaling up requires coherent policy reforms, strengthened extension systems, and alignment with indigenous knowledge and local governance structures.</p>

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Agroforestry as a climate mitigation and adaptation strategy in Ghana: a review of policy, socio-cultural, and ecological dimensions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Justice Aduko,
  • John Bosco Baguri Sumani,
  • Kwame Anokye

摘要

Climate change threatens Ghana’s socio-ecological systems due to reliance on climate-sensitive livelihoods and institutional constraints. A critical review is important because existing evidence on agroforestry’s climate role remains fragmented across isolated studies, lacking a systematic synthesis of mitigation and adaptation pathways, policy-practice gaps, and socio-cultural adoption factors in the Ghanaian context. This review examines agroforestry’s role in climate change mitigation and adaptation in Ghana, aiming to: (i) synthesize global evidence on agroforestry as a climate mitigation and adaptation strategy; (ii) assess the current state, strengths, and limitations of agroforestry practices in Ghana; and (iii) examine policy, socio-cultural, and ecological factors shaping adoption. A narrative literature review was employed, drawing on peer-reviewed articles, policy documents, and grey literature (2000–2025) from Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, FAO, IPCC, and Ghanaian institutions. Data were thematically analyzed using Sen’s Capability Approach and the Socio-Ecological Resilience Framework. The review finds that agroforestry systems in Ghana enhance carbon sequestration, soil fertility, microclimate regulation, biodiversity conservation, household income diversification, and smallholder resilience to droughts and rainfall variability. Cocoa agroforestry and parkland systems contribute substantially to ecosystem restoration and livelihood buffering in forest and savannah zones. However, adoption remains uneven due to insecure land and tree tenure, weak institutional coordination, limited extension capacity, and gendered access to resources. The study concludes that agroforestry constitutes a viable socio-ecological strategy for climate resilience in Ghana, but its scaling up requires coherent policy reforms, strengthened extension systems, and alignment with indigenous knowledge and local governance structures.