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<p>Studies globally affirmed that agroforestry offers multiple benefits for livelihood and ecosystem functions, yet its adoption as a climate change mitigation and adaptation strategy in Nigeria remains limited. This study adopts systematic review by synthesising findings from 65 peer-reviewed studies between January 2019 and July 2025 to identify Agroforestry’s potential, economic viability, and the systemic barriers preventing its widespread adoption. Findings show that agroforestry supports climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration and methane reduction, with silvopastoral systems lowering enteric methane emissions by up to 20%. It enables adaptation by improving soil fertility, buffering crops against climate extremes, and diversifying household income. Economically, agroforestry remains profitable, with adjusted net returns averaging ₦332,638/ha (US$215). However, the primary constraint is not economic viability but institutional and policy disconnect. The main systemic barriers are fragmented government policies and weak cross-sectoral coordination across government ministries, insecure land tenure, which discourages long-term investment, and the failure to create mechanisms that mitigate the economic trade-off between immediate food needs and the long maturation period of tree crops. Unlocking Agroforestry’s potential requires a deliberate shift from promotional rhetoric to a systemic institutional reform, including establishing an inter-ministerial working group and developing a National Carbon Incentive Framework tied to tenure reform.</p>

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Why is agroforestry not a widespread climate change mitigation and adaptation strategy in Nigeria?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Feyisayo Helen Olawale,
  • Ayoade Matthew Adetoye,
  • Stefan Sieber,
  • Ugonna Lucy Nkemjika

摘要

Studies globally affirmed that agroforestry offers multiple benefits for livelihood and ecosystem functions, yet its adoption as a climate change mitigation and adaptation strategy in Nigeria remains limited. This study adopts systematic review by synthesising findings from 65 peer-reviewed studies between January 2019 and July 2025 to identify Agroforestry’s potential, economic viability, and the systemic barriers preventing its widespread adoption. Findings show that agroforestry supports climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration and methane reduction, with silvopastoral systems lowering enteric methane emissions by up to 20%. It enables adaptation by improving soil fertility, buffering crops against climate extremes, and diversifying household income. Economically, agroforestry remains profitable, with adjusted net returns averaging ₦332,638/ha (US$215). However, the primary constraint is not economic viability but institutional and policy disconnect. The main systemic barriers are fragmented government policies and weak cross-sectoral coordination across government ministries, insecure land tenure, which discourages long-term investment, and the failure to create mechanisms that mitigate the economic trade-off between immediate food needs and the long maturation period of tree crops. Unlocking Agroforestry’s potential requires a deliberate shift from promotional rhetoric to a systemic institutional reform, including establishing an inter-ministerial working group and developing a National Carbon Incentive Framework tied to tenure reform.