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<p>Agroforestry is an integrated land management system that simultaneously enhances land productivity, environmental resilience, and economic diversification. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic, financial, and ecological performance (soil properties, carbon stock) of cotton‒fruit‒and timber‒tree‒based agroforestry. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four treatments and three replications: monocropping cotton, <i>Mangifera indica</i>‒cotton, <i>Psidium guajava</i>‒cotton, and <i>Swietenia macrophylla</i>‒cotton, established in 4-year-old plantations. The results indicated that seed cotton yield was highest (4.90&#xa0;t/ha) under monocropping and lowest (2.34&#xa0;t/ha) under the <i>P. guajava</i>‒cotton system. Fiber quality parameters varied significantly among treatments: monocropped cotton exhibited the highest maturity index, uniformity index, reflectance, and micronaire value (4.17&#xa0;µg/inch), which was associated with optimal fiber quality and yarn yield. Among the agroforestry systems, the <i>S. macrophylla</i>–cotton system recorded a micronaire value of 3.79&#xa0;µg/inch, whereas the <i>M. indica</i>–cotton treatment produced fibers with the lowest micronaire value (3.61&#xa0;µg/inch), placing it near the lower acceptable limit rather than indicating superior fineness. Moreover, the <i>M. indica</i>–cotton system generated the highest net returns (3118 ± 59.21 USD/ha), benefit–cost ratio (2.06), and land equivalent ratio (LER = 1.50). Soil chemical properties were significantly improved under all agroforestry systems compared to monocropping cotton. Total carbon stocks were highest (32.76&#xa0;Mg C/ha) in the <i>S. macrophylla</i>‒cotton system and lowest (25.59&#xa0;Mg C/ha) in the <i>M. indica</i>‒cotton system. Overall, the <i>M. indica</i>‒cotton and <i>P. guajava</i>‒cotton agroforestry systems outperformed monocropping in terms of economic returns, land-use efficiency, environmental benefits, and soil health, although the magnitude of these benefits varied among systems.</p>

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Multifaceted assessment of cotton‒fruit‒and timber‒tree‒based agroforestry in the charlands, Bangladesh

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Mohammad Kamrul Hasan,
  • M D. Abdul Wadud,
  • G M Mujibar Rahman,
  • Ahmed Khairul Hasan,
  • Nasima Akther Roshni,
  • Syed Aflatun Kabir Hemel,
  • M D. Tariqul Islam,
  • Rojina Akter

摘要

Agroforestry is an integrated land management system that simultaneously enhances land productivity, environmental resilience, and economic diversification. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic, financial, and ecological performance (soil properties, carbon stock) of cotton‒fruit‒and timber‒tree‒based agroforestry. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four treatments and three replications: monocropping cotton, Mangifera indica‒cotton, Psidium guajava‒cotton, and Swietenia macrophylla‒cotton, established in 4-year-old plantations. The results indicated that seed cotton yield was highest (4.90 t/ha) under monocropping and lowest (2.34 t/ha) under the P. guajava‒cotton system. Fiber quality parameters varied significantly among treatments: monocropped cotton exhibited the highest maturity index, uniformity index, reflectance, and micronaire value (4.17 µg/inch), which was associated with optimal fiber quality and yarn yield. Among the agroforestry systems, the S. macrophylla–cotton system recorded a micronaire value of 3.79 µg/inch, whereas the M. indica–cotton treatment produced fibers with the lowest micronaire value (3.61 µg/inch), placing it near the lower acceptable limit rather than indicating superior fineness. Moreover, the M. indica–cotton system generated the highest net returns (3118 ± 59.21 USD/ha), benefit–cost ratio (2.06), and land equivalent ratio (LER = 1.50). Soil chemical properties were significantly improved under all agroforestry systems compared to monocropping cotton. Total carbon stocks were highest (32.76 Mg C/ha) in the S. macrophylla‒cotton system and lowest (25.59 Mg C/ha) in the M. indica‒cotton system. Overall, the M. indica‒cotton and P. guajava‒cotton agroforestry systems outperformed monocropping in terms of economic returns, land-use efficiency, environmental benefits, and soil health, although the magnitude of these benefits varied among systems.