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<p>This study analyzed cocoa farmers’ income risks and evaluated the potential of Ecological Cocoa Agro-Tourism (ECAT) as a risk management strategy in East Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study used primary (survey and interviews) and secondary (official and institutional report). Income risk was calculated using the Coefficient of Variation (CV), while ECAT potential was evaluated through descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results show that farmer experience high income risk (CV = 0.69) driven by inefficient input use, especially costly seedling and underused fertilizer and fungicides. Other factors include old trees, pest attacks, and climate change. ECAT offers an integrated solution across eight tourism zones combining natural beauty and polyculture, potentially increasing income by 194% while supporting ecological sustainability. Successful ECAT implementation, however, requires multi-stakeholder collaboration and&#xa0;innovative&#xa0;digital marketing strategies,&#xa0;capacity&#xa0;building, and&#xa0;policy&#xa0;support. This study contributes to developing agritourism-based risk management strategies in cocoa-producing region worldwide. </p>

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Ecological cocoa agro tourism as a risk management strategy for cocoa farmers in developing countries: a case study in East Kolaka, Indonesia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月24日

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  • Weka Gusmiarty Abdullah,
  • Weka Widayati,
  • Weko Indira Romantiaulia,
  • Edi Syah Mihrad,
  • Alfiansyah Weko Gandhi Grahita,
  • Esti Agesta Nurmaida

摘要

This study analyzed cocoa farmers’ income risks and evaluated the potential of Ecological Cocoa Agro-Tourism (ECAT) as a risk management strategy in East Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study used primary (survey and interviews) and secondary (official and institutional report). Income risk was calculated using the Coefficient of Variation (CV), while ECAT potential was evaluated through descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results show that farmer experience high income risk (CV = 0.69) driven by inefficient input use, especially costly seedling and underused fertilizer and fungicides. Other factors include old trees, pest attacks, and climate change. ECAT offers an integrated solution across eight tourism zones combining natural beauty and polyculture, potentially increasing income by 194% while supporting ecological sustainability. Successful ECAT implementation, however, requires multi-stakeholder collaboration and innovative digital marketing strategies, capacity building, and policy support. This study contributes to developing agritourism-based risk management strategies in cocoa-producing region worldwide.