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<p>Microfibre pollution is an emerging concern in aquatic ecosystems, yet its ecological dynamics and biological uptake in open and closed tropical lagoons remain poorly characterised. Coastal lagoons are particularly vulnerable due to limited flushing capacity and increasing urbanisation; however, studies in West Africa have largely concentrated on environmental occurrence and distribution in water and sediments, with limited attention to fish bioindicators and seasonal variability. To address this gap, we evaluated the spatio-temporal patterns of microfibre contamination in <i>Sarotherodon melanotheron</i> from two contrasting Ghanaian coastal lagoons, the highly urbanised Korle Lagoon and the urbanised Fosu Lagoon. A total of 120 fish specimens were collected bimonthly over a one-year period across the longitudinal gradients of the lagoons. Gastrointestinal tracts were subjected to alkaline digestion, vacuum filtration, stereomicroscopic identification, and polymer confirmation using FTIR spectroscopy. Statistical comparisons and principal component analysis were applied to assess spatial and seasonal structuring of Microfibres (MFs). Microfibre abundance was significantly higher in the Korle Lagoon (6.58 ± 1.24 MFs per fish) than in the Fosu Lagoon (3.08 ± 1.07 MFs per fish; Welch’s <i>t</i> = 5.23, <i>df</i> = 9.78, <i>p</i> = 0.0004). Fibres &lt; 100&#xa0;µm and black-coloured particles predominated in both systems. Polyethylene was the dominant polymer, with greater heterogeneity in the urban lagoon. PCA revealed strong spatial differentiation (PC1 = 70.01% of variance) and secondary seasonal structuring (PC2 = 20.11%). Microfibre assemblages were strongly associated with differences in urbanisation intensity and showed secondary seasonal structuring, suggesting that anthropogenic inputs and seasonal hydrological variability may influence microfibre availability and biological uptake in tropical coastal lagoons.</p>

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Anthropogenic and seasonal signatures of microfibre contamination in fish from two Ghanaian coastal lagoons

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Emmanuel Yeboah Okyere,
  • Jones Abrefa Danquah,
  • John Abraham,
  • Enock Aninakwah

摘要

Microfibre pollution is an emerging concern in aquatic ecosystems, yet its ecological dynamics and biological uptake in open and closed tropical lagoons remain poorly characterised. Coastal lagoons are particularly vulnerable due to limited flushing capacity and increasing urbanisation; however, studies in West Africa have largely concentrated on environmental occurrence and distribution in water and sediments, with limited attention to fish bioindicators and seasonal variability. To address this gap, we evaluated the spatio-temporal patterns of microfibre contamination in Sarotherodon melanotheron from two contrasting Ghanaian coastal lagoons, the highly urbanised Korle Lagoon and the urbanised Fosu Lagoon. A total of 120 fish specimens were collected bimonthly over a one-year period across the longitudinal gradients of the lagoons. Gastrointestinal tracts were subjected to alkaline digestion, vacuum filtration, stereomicroscopic identification, and polymer confirmation using FTIR spectroscopy. Statistical comparisons and principal component analysis were applied to assess spatial and seasonal structuring of Microfibres (MFs). Microfibre abundance was significantly higher in the Korle Lagoon (6.58 ± 1.24 MFs per fish) than in the Fosu Lagoon (3.08 ± 1.07 MFs per fish; Welch’s t = 5.23, df = 9.78, p = 0.0004). Fibres < 100 µm and black-coloured particles predominated in both systems. Polyethylene was the dominant polymer, with greater heterogeneity in the urban lagoon. PCA revealed strong spatial differentiation (PC1 = 70.01% of variance) and secondary seasonal structuring (PC2 = 20.11%). Microfibre assemblages were strongly associated with differences in urbanisation intensity and showed secondary seasonal structuring, suggesting that anthropogenic inputs and seasonal hydrological variability may influence microfibre availability and biological uptake in tropical coastal lagoons.