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<p>Larval mosquito control has increasingly relied on biologically derived larvicides, yet their impacts on non-target aquatic organisms remain insufficiently understood. Among these biopesticides, <i>Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis</i> (<i>Bti</i>)-based products are widely used due to their targeted action and direct application to aquatic environments. However, such application inevitably results in the exposure of non-target species, including fish. This study evaluated the behavioral effects of acute exposure to a Bti-based biopesticide (Bti-B<sup>2</sup>) in zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>). Fish were exposed for 30&#xa0;min to Bti-B<sup>2</sup> at concentrations of 1.5, 2.5, or 10&#xa0;µg.L<sup>−1</sup>, and assessed for exploratory activity using the novel tank test (NTT) and for social interaction via the social preference test (SPT). Exposure to Bti-B<sup>2</sup> elicited an anxiolytic-like response without affecting social behavior. These findings suggest that even biopesticides regarded as environmentally safe, such as Bti-B<sup>2</sup>, can alter behavioral endpoints in aquatic vertebrates. This highlights the importance of including ecotoxicological evaluations in the risk assessment of biologically derived pest control agents.</p>

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Environmentally relevant concentrations of a Bacillus thuringiensis-based biopesticide impair zebrafish behavior

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Stephanie Toussaint,
  • Aline Pompermaier,
  • Flavia Bernardo Chagas,
  • Wagner Antonio Tamagno,
  • Jennifer L. Freeman,
  • Paulo Afonso Hartmann,
  • Marilia Hartmann

摘要

Larval mosquito control has increasingly relied on biologically derived larvicides, yet their impacts on non-target aquatic organisms remain insufficiently understood. Among these biopesticides, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti)-based products are widely used due to their targeted action and direct application to aquatic environments. However, such application inevitably results in the exposure of non-target species, including fish. This study evaluated the behavioral effects of acute exposure to a Bti-based biopesticide (Bti-B2) in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fish were exposed for 30 min to Bti-B2 at concentrations of 1.5, 2.5, or 10 µg.L−1, and assessed for exploratory activity using the novel tank test (NTT) and for social interaction via the social preference test (SPT). Exposure to Bti-B2 elicited an anxiolytic-like response without affecting social behavior. These findings suggest that even biopesticides regarded as environmentally safe, such as Bti-B2, can alter behavioral endpoints in aquatic vertebrates. This highlights the importance of including ecotoxicological evaluations in the risk assessment of biologically derived pest control agents.