<p>Gaslighting, a form of psychological abuse that undermines victims’ perceptions and abilities, has been increasingly reported in romantic relationships. This study is the first to document gaslighting experiences among young Vietnamese adults and their associations with authenticity in romantic relationships, while also examining the role of self-compassion. A cross–sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 1,091 participants (69% female; <i>M</i>_age = 29.92, <i>SD</i> = 7.42) who completed self-administered questionnaires on gaslighting, authenticity, and self-compassion. Structural equation modeling indicated that gaslighting experience was negatively associated with two dimensions of authenticity: Intimate risk-taking (<i>β</i> = –0.10, 95% <i>CI</i> [–0.18, –0.03]) and Unacceptability of deception (<i>β</i> = –0.32, 95% <i>CI</i> [–0.38, –0.25]). In addition, self-compassion functioned as a mediator in the associations between gaslighting experiences and both dimensions of authenticity. These findings suggest that gaslighting experiences are linked to reduced relational authenticity and heightened self-critical tendencies, with self-compassion emerging as an important factor in these dynamics. The results may inform counseling practices by emphasizing strategies that strengthen self-compassion in individuals who report gaslighting experiences in their romantic relationships.</p>