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<p>This study investigates the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of CFRPs fabricated with thermoplastic resins—polypropylene (PP) and polyamide 6 (PA6)—through a newly proposed experimental approach, in which the failure process was systematically examined from initial loading to the final failure mode. The CFRPs, composed of carbon fibers embedded in the respective resin matrices, were produced under varying molding pressures. The mechanical properties of CFRP-PP and CFRP-PA6 show clear distinctions. The bending strength of CFRP-PA6 reached approximately 1,200&#xa0;MPa, which is about 20% higher than that of CFRP-PP (1,000&#xa0;MPa). Moreover, their post-peak responses exhibited distinct differences. At the ultimate bending strength point (<i>σ</i><sub>b</sub>), the bending stress experienced a sharp drop (<i>σ</i><sub>d</sub>), followed by a recovery phase that varied depending on the resin type. Specifically, CFRP-PA6 demonstrated a noticeable stress recovery, whereas CFRP-PP showed a continued decline. Moreover, CFRPs molded under higher pressures exhibited more pronounced stress recovery in both resin systems. SEM analyses revealed distinct failure mechanisms. At the <i>σ</i><sub>b</sub> point, CFRP-PA6 showed no clear evidence of failure, while CFRP-PP displayed a combination of fiber breakage and delamination. At the <i>σ</i><sub>d</sub> and the final fracture points, CFRP-PA6 exhibited relatively weak failure, primarily characterized by fiber breakage and localized strain distortion, whereas CFRP-PP suffered severe fiber breakage and extensive delamination. These differences in failure modes are attributed to variations in interfacial bonding strength between the carbon fibers and the resin matrices. Bonding tests confirmed that CFRP-PA6 possesses superior adhesion and wettability to carbon fibers compared to CFRP-PP.</p>

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Mechanical Properties and Failure Characteristics of Carbon Fiber–Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites: Polypropylene and Polyamide 6 Matrices

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Mitsuhiro Okayasu,
  • Kenta Oguri

摘要

This study investigates the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of CFRPs fabricated with thermoplastic resins—polypropylene (PP) and polyamide 6 (PA6)—through a newly proposed experimental approach, in which the failure process was systematically examined from initial loading to the final failure mode. The CFRPs, composed of carbon fibers embedded in the respective resin matrices, were produced under varying molding pressures. The mechanical properties of CFRP-PP and CFRP-PA6 show clear distinctions. The bending strength of CFRP-PA6 reached approximately 1,200 MPa, which is about 20% higher than that of CFRP-PP (1,000 MPa). Moreover, their post-peak responses exhibited distinct differences. At the ultimate bending strength point (σb), the bending stress experienced a sharp drop (σd), followed by a recovery phase that varied depending on the resin type. Specifically, CFRP-PA6 demonstrated a noticeable stress recovery, whereas CFRP-PP showed a continued decline. Moreover, CFRPs molded under higher pressures exhibited more pronounced stress recovery in both resin systems. SEM analyses revealed distinct failure mechanisms. At the σb point, CFRP-PA6 showed no clear evidence of failure, while CFRP-PP displayed a combination of fiber breakage and delamination. At the σd and the final fracture points, CFRP-PA6 exhibited relatively weak failure, primarily characterized by fiber breakage and localized strain distortion, whereas CFRP-PP suffered severe fiber breakage and extensive delamination. These differences in failure modes are attributed to variations in interfacial bonding strength between the carbon fibers and the resin matrices. Bonding tests confirmed that CFRP-PA6 possesses superior adhesion and wettability to carbon fibers compared to CFRP-PP.