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<p>During vehicle operation, road-induced vertical vibrations excite coupled whole-body dynamic responses in occupants, resulting in ergonomic concerns such as motion-induced fatigue and diminished comfort. This study develops lumped parameter models with multiple degrees of freedom to systematically investigate the formation mechanism of coupling responses in seated humans under vertical excitation, thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional single-axis models. Three stiffness and damping distribution patterns (Models A, B, and C) are proposed based on biomechanical characteristics. Parameter identification demonstrates that the linear dynamic properties of the torso (Model B) predominantly govern the frequency-domain characteristics of the coupling response. Moreover, an enhanced model (Model D) is introduced, for the first time, to quantitatively analyze the effect of a natural forward-leaning posture (head <i>α</i><sub>1</sub>=9.0°, upper torso <i>α</i><sub>2</sub>=15.1°) on coupling vibrations in a seated position. Frequency-domain analysis indicates that the human body exhibits globally coordinated motion below 3.5 Hz, whereas local organ resonances prevail above 6 Hz. Simulations reveal that a 15° backrest support angle can reduce fore-and-aft seat-to-head transmissibility by 87.2% without impairing vertical vibration reduction. This study offers theoretical insights and design principles for vibration suppression in vehicle seat systems, contributing substantially to the enhancement of ride comfort and occupant health protection.</p>

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Enhanced lumped parameter modeling of seated humans for coupling vibration response analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Wei Ding,
  • Leizhi Wang,
  • Zhaobo Chen,
  • Hongrui Ao,
  • Hui Yan,
  • Zhitong Li

摘要

During vehicle operation, road-induced vertical vibrations excite coupled whole-body dynamic responses in occupants, resulting in ergonomic concerns such as motion-induced fatigue and diminished comfort. This study develops lumped parameter models with multiple degrees of freedom to systematically investigate the formation mechanism of coupling responses in seated humans under vertical excitation, thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional single-axis models. Three stiffness and damping distribution patterns (Models A, B, and C) are proposed based on biomechanical characteristics. Parameter identification demonstrates that the linear dynamic properties of the torso (Model B) predominantly govern the frequency-domain characteristics of the coupling response. Moreover, an enhanced model (Model D) is introduced, for the first time, to quantitatively analyze the effect of a natural forward-leaning posture (head α1=9.0°, upper torso α2=15.1°) on coupling vibrations in a seated position. Frequency-domain analysis indicates that the human body exhibits globally coordinated motion below 3.5 Hz, whereas local organ resonances prevail above 6 Hz. Simulations reveal that a 15° backrest support angle can reduce fore-and-aft seat-to-head transmissibility by 87.2% without impairing vertical vibration reduction. This study offers theoretical insights and design principles for vibration suppression in vehicle seat systems, contributing substantially to the enhancement of ride comfort and occupant health protection.