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<p>This study experimentally investigates the generation of Janus droplets under varying physical properties and flow conditions using three layers of nested glass capillary microchannels. Based on the interfacial morphology of the droplets, the flow modes of two distinct Janus droplets (partial engulfing and snowman) are analyzed. It is found that when the two dispersed phases flow in parallel at the front of the collection tube, the flow modes of each phase are governed by dimensionless numbers of the dispersed phase Weber number and the local capillary number of the continuous phase. The dimensionless numbers corresponding to these flow modes are similar to single emulsion. Additionally, for these two distinct Janus droplet morphologies, the morphological regulation laws governed by the flow conditions are obtained. By extending the volume prediction model for single emulsion, a volume prediction model for partial engulfing Janus droplets under dripping mode is established, yielding favorable agreement with experimental results.</p>

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Morphology and size of Janus droplet controlled by flow conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Yan Pang,
  • Yumian Liu,
  • Jiahe Ru,
  • Zhaomiao Liu,
  • Xiang Wang,
  • Jie Feng

摘要

This study experimentally investigates the generation of Janus droplets under varying physical properties and flow conditions using three layers of nested glass capillary microchannels. Based on the interfacial morphology of the droplets, the flow modes of two distinct Janus droplets (partial engulfing and snowman) are analyzed. It is found that when the two dispersed phases flow in parallel at the front of the collection tube, the flow modes of each phase are governed by dimensionless numbers of the dispersed phase Weber number and the local capillary number of the continuous phase. The dimensionless numbers corresponding to these flow modes are similar to single emulsion. Additionally, for these two distinct Janus droplet morphologies, the morphological regulation laws governed by the flow conditions are obtained. By extending the volume prediction model for single emulsion, a volume prediction model for partial engulfing Janus droplets under dripping mode is established, yielding favorable agreement with experimental results.