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<p>The equilibrium properties and stability of droplets with arbitrary contact angles on atomically smooth solid surfaces are investigated using a mesoscopic model based on the Sutherland pair potential. New analytical expressions are derived for the equilibrium radius, potential energy, molar heat of evaporation, and work of adhesion of these droplets. Employing the Proximity Force Approximation (PFA), we calculate the internal pressure within the droplet arising from dispersion forces exerted by the substrate. Based on this pressure, we formulate an analog of the Young-Laplace equation applicable to nanoscopic droplets. Our analytical findings demonstrate that the rapid decay of dispersion forces invariably leads to a near-spherical shape of droplets on solid surfaces, a result that is consistent with existing experimental observations and molecular dynamics simulations. We reveal a geometric pseudo-phase transition in the adhesion work at a contact angle of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:\sim\pi\:/2\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, governed solely by the droplet shape. These results provide fundamental insights into the behavior of nanoscale liquid systems at interfaces.</p>

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Size-dependent shape and adhesion of sessile droplets on atomically smooth surfaces

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • S. Sh. Rekhviashvili,
  • A. A. Sokurov

摘要

The equilibrium properties and stability of droplets with arbitrary contact angles on atomically smooth solid surfaces are investigated using a mesoscopic model based on the Sutherland pair potential. New analytical expressions are derived for the equilibrium radius, potential energy, molar heat of evaporation, and work of adhesion of these droplets. Employing the Proximity Force Approximation (PFA), we calculate the internal pressure within the droplet arising from dispersion forces exerted by the substrate. Based on this pressure, we formulate an analog of the Young-Laplace equation applicable to nanoscopic droplets. Our analytical findings demonstrate that the rapid decay of dispersion forces invariably leads to a near-spherical shape of droplets on solid surfaces, a result that is consistent with existing experimental observations and molecular dynamics simulations. We reveal a geometric pseudo-phase transition in the adhesion work at a contact angle of \(\:\sim\pi\:/2\) , governed solely by the droplet shape. These results provide fundamental insights into the behavior of nanoscale liquid systems at interfaces.