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<p>Identifying blood type is a routine procedure for blood transfusion, typically performed using forward and reverse typing methods. However, distinguishing blood subtypes remains a challenging task in clinical practice. This study proposes a novel approach to rapidly differentiate blood subtypes based on the distinct binding strengths between red blood cells (RBCs) and antibodies immobilized on a micro-channel surface. Different blood subtypes can be distinguished by measuring the ratio of RBCs before and after applying a shear force with a wash buffer. Experimental results demonstrate residual ratios of approximately 99.5%, 31.8–39.8%, 7.4–7.6%, and 10.0–11.1% for B, B<sub>3</sub> (including AB<sub>3</sub>), B<sub>el</sub>, and A<sub>el</sub> types, respectively. Notably, this method makes it possible to differentiate subtypes with minimal surface antigens, such as B<sub>el</sub> and A<sub>el</sub>, within 15&#xa0;min—significantly faster and less complex than the conventional adsorption–elution method used in clinical settings. This proposed approach offers a promising solution for rapidly differentiating rare blood subtypes.</p>

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Investigating the binding strength between subtypes red blood cells and their corresponding antibodies and rapidly differentiating subtypes in a microchannel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月23日

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  • Ding-Ping Chen,
  • Yi-Jin Ho,
  • Hsieh-Fu Tsai,
  • Fan-Chun Cheng,
  • Feng-Yu Jiang,
  • Yen-Heng Lin

摘要

Identifying blood type is a routine procedure for blood transfusion, typically performed using forward and reverse typing methods. However, distinguishing blood subtypes remains a challenging task in clinical practice. This study proposes a novel approach to rapidly differentiate blood subtypes based on the distinct binding strengths between red blood cells (RBCs) and antibodies immobilized on a micro-channel surface. Different blood subtypes can be distinguished by measuring the ratio of RBCs before and after applying a shear force with a wash buffer. Experimental results demonstrate residual ratios of approximately 99.5%, 31.8–39.8%, 7.4–7.6%, and 10.0–11.1% for B, B3 (including AB3), Bel, and Ael types, respectively. Notably, this method makes it possible to differentiate subtypes with minimal surface antigens, such as Bel and Ael, within 15 min—significantly faster and less complex than the conventional adsorption–elution method used in clinical settings. This proposed approach offers a promising solution for rapidly differentiating rare blood subtypes.