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Aim <p>This rapid review synthesized current evidence on the use of virtual reality (VR) in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for patients with heart failure (HF).</p> Subject and methods <p>A rapid review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 recommendations and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251157075). Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar up to September 2025. Studies were eligible if they included adults with HF undergoing VR-based CR interventions and reported functional, psychosocial, or implementation outcomes. Due to heterogeneity across designs and outcome measures, a narrative synthesis was performed. Methodological quality was assessed using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool.</p> Results <p>Ten studies published between 2013 and 2025 (<i>n</i> = 256 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Interventions used immersive or non-immersive VR integrated into aerobic or cognitive-motor training. Seven studies reported improvements in functional capacity, motivation, adherence, and overall exercise engagement. Usability was rated from acceptable to high, and enjoyment consistently increased. No serious adverse events occurred; minor symptoms such as myalgia or dizziness were reported infrequently. Methodological quality scores ranged from 70% to 97.5%.</p> Conclusion <p>VR appears to be a feasible, safe, and engaging adjunct to conventional CR for individuals with HF, with promising benefits for adherence and psychosocial outcomes. Larger, well-designed trials are needed to evaluate long-term effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and integration into telemedicine-based CR models.</p>

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Heart failure rehabilitation through virtual reality: an evidence-based rapid review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月10日

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  • Wagner Rios-Garcia,
  • Erick Barrientos-Ventura,
  • Victoria E. Butrón-Verástegui,
  • Daniela E. Oriundo-Arbizu,
  • Kehit A. Velasquez-Taipe,
  • Alondra A. Rios-Garcia

摘要

Aim

This rapid review synthesized current evidence on the use of virtual reality (VR) in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for patients with heart failure (HF).

Subject and methods

A rapid review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 recommendations and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251157075). Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar up to September 2025. Studies were eligible if they included adults with HF undergoing VR-based CR interventions and reported functional, psychosocial, or implementation outcomes. Due to heterogeneity across designs and outcome measures, a narrative synthesis was performed. Methodological quality was assessed using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool.

Results

Ten studies published between 2013 and 2025 (n = 256 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Interventions used immersive or non-immersive VR integrated into aerobic or cognitive-motor training. Seven studies reported improvements in functional capacity, motivation, adherence, and overall exercise engagement. Usability was rated from acceptable to high, and enjoyment consistently increased. No serious adverse events occurred; minor symptoms such as myalgia or dizziness were reported infrequently. Methodological quality scores ranged from 70% to 97.5%.

Conclusion

VR appears to be a feasible, safe, and engaging adjunct to conventional CR for individuals with HF, with promising benefits for adherence and psychosocial outcomes. Larger, well-designed trials are needed to evaluate long-term effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and integration into telemedicine-based CR models.