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Aim <p>Most previous studies have used physical literacy (PL) instruments in children and adolescents, while such studies are lacking among adults. This research aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Perceived Physical Literacy Questionnaire (PPLQ) for adults in Southeastern Europe.</p> Subject and methods <p>This study included 519 participants from Croatia with a mean age of 27.46&#xa0;years, of whom 298 were female. Variables included sociodemographic characteristics and PL levels, which were assessed by the PPLQ translated into the Croatian language (PPLQ-SEE). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted to examine the hypothesized factor structure. McDonald’s ω was calculated to determine the composite reliability, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to estimate the test–retest reliability (<i>n</i> = 122).</p> Results <p>The global fit of the original 24-item model showed acceptable fit indices, except for the CFI (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>(247) = 640.4, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, CFI = 0.871, RMSEA = 0.077 [90% CI 0.064–0.089], SRMR = 0.083). The revised model excluding the knowledge factor demonstrated an acceptable global fit (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>(99) = 299.7, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, CFI = 0.926, RMSEA = 0.069 [90% CI 0.060–0.078], SRMR = 0.071). All domains except the knowledge domain had acceptable composite reliability (ω = 0.63–0.85), and moderate-to-good test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.62–0.89).</p> Conclusion <p>The results of this study indicate that the 16-item PPLQ-SEE can be used in applied research studies for assessing PL in adults when the knowledge domain of the original instrument is removed. Importantly, this questionnaire can also be used in neighboring countries with similar languages (e.g., Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro), which broadens its applicability.</p>

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Translation, cultural adaptation, and psychometric properties of the Perceived Physical Literacy Questionnaire (PPLQ) for adults in Southeastern Europe

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月13日

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  • Barbara Gilic,
  • Damir Sekulic,
  • Maria Mendoza Munoz,
  • Johannes Jaunig,
  • Johannes Carl

摘要

Aim

Most previous studies have used physical literacy (PL) instruments in children and adolescents, while such studies are lacking among adults. This research aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Perceived Physical Literacy Questionnaire (PPLQ) for adults in Southeastern Europe.

Subject and methods

This study included 519 participants from Croatia with a mean age of 27.46 years, of whom 298 were female. Variables included sociodemographic characteristics and PL levels, which were assessed by the PPLQ translated into the Croatian language (PPLQ-SEE). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted to examine the hypothesized factor structure. McDonald’s ω was calculated to determine the composite reliability, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to estimate the test–retest reliability (n = 122).

Results

The global fit of the original 24-item model showed acceptable fit indices, except for the CFI (χ2(247) = 640.4, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.871, RMSEA = 0.077 [90% CI 0.064–0.089], SRMR = 0.083). The revised model excluding the knowledge factor demonstrated an acceptable global fit (χ2(99) = 299.7, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.926, RMSEA = 0.069 [90% CI 0.060–0.078], SRMR = 0.071). All domains except the knowledge domain had acceptable composite reliability (ω = 0.63–0.85), and moderate-to-good test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.62–0.89).

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that the 16-item PPLQ-SEE can be used in applied research studies for assessing PL in adults when the knowledge domain of the original instrument is removed. Importantly, this questionnaire can also be used in neighboring countries with similar languages (e.g., Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro), which broadens its applicability.