Aim <p>This scoping review aims to establish the nature and extent of current knowledge about periodic health examination (PHE) at the time of retirement.</p> Subject and methods <p>A scoping review was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane. The results were filtered for papers published in English and French until 31 December 2023. Twenty articles were selected for the scoping review. Moreover, gray literature on guidelines was retrieved from reports by the US Preventive Services Task Force, Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care, and the High Council for Public Health France.</p> Results <p>Several key points emerged from the analyzed articles, highlighting the main aspects of periodic health examinations at the time of retirement. The review did not identify a periodic health examination specific to the transition to retirement. However, the approach based on retirement age has enabled us to identify potential elements that could be included in this preventive health examination. These include promotion of physical activity, assessment of mental health and social isolation, promotion of healthy eating, promotion of smoking cessation and alcohol consumption, cancer screening, and vaccination recommendations.</p> Conclusion <p>PHEs at the time of retirement may be relevant, but there are few studies on the topic. This examination could be an opportunity to promote healthy aging through the adoption of a healthy lifestyle, screening, and vaccination recommendations. Thus, future studies should focus on the design of a repository of preventive clinical practices specific to the transition to retirement, involving participatory consensus methods such as the Delphi method.</p>