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Background <p>Superficial basaloid esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SBSCC) is a rare variant of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Its clinicopathological characteristics remain poorly defined. This study retrospectively investigates SBSCC cases treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), comparing them to superficial conventional squamous cell carcinoma (SCSCC).</p> Methods <p>Patients who underwent ESD for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between January 2014 and December 2019 were reviewed. Based on histopathological findings, cases were classified into SBSCC and SCSCC groups. Clinical, endoscopic, and pathological data were collected and outcomes analyzed.</p> Results <p>Out of 477 patients, 31 (6.5%) had SBSCC and 446 (93.5%) had SCSCC. SBSCC patients were more likely to be male (<i>P</i> = 0.027). No significant differences were found in age, smoking, alcohol use, tumor size, location, or ESD-related complications. However, SBSCC was associated with lower complete (74.2% vs. 91.5%; <i>P</i> = 0.006) and curative (58.1% vs. 75.6%; <i>P</i> = 0.031) resection rates, deeper invasion (<i>P</i> = 0.018), and more frequent vertical margin involvement (<i>P</i> = 0.010). Both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly lower in the SBSCC group compared to the SCSCC group (OS: 87.1% vs. 95.0%, <i>P</i> = 0.042; DFS: 76.7% vs. 94.2%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Post-ESD surgery, chemoradiation, and recurrence were more frequent in SBSCC (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified SBSCC as an independent risk factor for DFS (HR: 4.6; 95% CI 1.990–10.650; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), while lymphovascular invasion and complete resection were significant for OS.</p> Conclusions <p>ESD is effective for both SBSCC and SCSCC with low complication rates. However, SBSCC presents with deeper invasion, lower curative resection rates, and worse DFS, highlighting the need for careful post-ESD management.</p>

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Comparison of clinical and prognostic characteristics between superficial basaloid and conventional esophageal squamous carcinoma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月18日

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  • Ying Yuan,
  • Shangtao Mao,
  • Hai Wu,
  • Ying Xiang,
  • Zhenyu Wang,
  • Yanan Wang,
  • Viriania Berta Esperanca Goncalves,
  • Qi Sun,
  • Dehua Tang,
  • Fangmei An,
  • Lei Wang,
  • Qin Huang,
  • Guifang Xu

摘要

Background

Superficial basaloid esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SBSCC) is a rare variant of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Its clinicopathological characteristics remain poorly defined. This study retrospectively investigates SBSCC cases treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), comparing them to superficial conventional squamous cell carcinoma (SCSCC).

Methods

Patients who underwent ESD for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between January 2014 and December 2019 were reviewed. Based on histopathological findings, cases were classified into SBSCC and SCSCC groups. Clinical, endoscopic, and pathological data were collected and outcomes analyzed.

Results

Out of 477 patients, 31 (6.5%) had SBSCC and 446 (93.5%) had SCSCC. SBSCC patients were more likely to be male (P = 0.027). No significant differences were found in age, smoking, alcohol use, tumor size, location, or ESD-related complications. However, SBSCC was associated with lower complete (74.2% vs. 91.5%; P = 0.006) and curative (58.1% vs. 75.6%; P = 0.031) resection rates, deeper invasion (P = 0.018), and more frequent vertical margin involvement (P = 0.010). Both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly lower in the SBSCC group compared to the SCSCC group (OS: 87.1% vs. 95.0%, P = 0.042; DFS: 76.7% vs. 94.2%, P < 0.05). Post-ESD surgery, chemoradiation, and recurrence were more frequent in SBSCC (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified SBSCC as an independent risk factor for DFS (HR: 4.6; 95% CI 1.990–10.650; P < 0.001), while lymphovascular invasion and complete resection were significant for OS.

Conclusions

ESD is effective for both SBSCC and SCSCC with low complication rates. However, SBSCC presents with deeper invasion, lower curative resection rates, and worse DFS, highlighting the need for careful post-ESD management.