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Purpose <p>To investigate the distribution of axial length (AL) and the prevalence of long axial length (LAL) in Japanese children and adolescents.</p> Study design <p>cross-sectional observational study</p> Methods <p>We analyzed AL data from 14,482 participants (7,457 boys and 7,025 girls) aged 4–19 in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study in Japan. AL was measured using a non-contact optical axis measurement device. We evaluated the distribution of AL in the participants with box plots for age. Segmented regression identified age-related trends and breakpoints. We calculated the age-specific proportions of participants with AL ≥ 24.5 mm and those with AL ≥ 26 mm, defined as LAL, which were considered indicative of suspected myopia.</p> Results <p>Mean AL increased with age, with a break point at 11.73 years. The slope before the break point was β = 0.27, while the slope after the break point decreased to β = 0.12. Boys showed earlier break point (9.87 years) than girls (15.91 years). Proportions with AL ≥ 24.5mm and ≥26mm began to increase approximately at 8 and 10 years of age respectively, with sex differences noted between ages 7 to 10 years and 10 to 11 years.</p> Conclusion <p>This was the first large-scale AL survey in Japan and revealed the age and sex related distribution of AL and the proportion with LAL among Japanese children and adolescents aged 4 to 19 years.</p>

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Distribution of axial length in Japanese children and adolescents aged 4 to 19 years

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Shunsuke Fujioka,
  • Naoko Takada,
  • Sayaka Yoshida,
  • Mami Ishikuro,
  • Masayuki Kobayashi,
  • Genki Shinoda,
  • Aoi Noda,
  • Masatsugu Orui,
  • Taku Obara,
  • Satoru Tsuda,
  • Noriko Himori,
  • Akiko Hanyuda,
  • Ryo Kawasaki,
  • Shinichi Kuriyama,
  • Nobuo Fuse,
  • Toru Nakazawa

摘要

Purpose

To investigate the distribution of axial length (AL) and the prevalence of long axial length (LAL) in Japanese children and adolescents.

Study design

cross-sectional observational study

Methods

We analyzed AL data from 14,482 participants (7,457 boys and 7,025 girls) aged 4–19 in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study in Japan. AL was measured using a non-contact optical axis measurement device. We evaluated the distribution of AL in the participants with box plots for age. Segmented regression identified age-related trends and breakpoints. We calculated the age-specific proportions of participants with AL ≥ 24.5 mm and those with AL ≥ 26 mm, defined as LAL, which were considered indicative of suspected myopia.

Results

Mean AL increased with age, with a break point at 11.73 years. The slope before the break point was β = 0.27, while the slope after the break point decreased to β = 0.12. Boys showed earlier break point (9.87 years) than girls (15.91 years). Proportions with AL ≥ 24.5mm and ≥26mm began to increase approximately at 8 and 10 years of age respectively, with sex differences noted between ages 7 to 10 years and 10 to 11 years.

Conclusion

This was the first large-scale AL survey in Japan and revealed the age and sex related distribution of AL and the proportion with LAL among Japanese children and adolescents aged 4 to 19 years.