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Purpose <p>To examine the long-term real-world outcomes of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and corticosteroid injections in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).</p> Study design <p>Single-center, retrospective study.</p> Methods <p>We reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with DME between January 2010 and December 2023. The number of anti-VEGF and corticosteroid injections, along with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT), were collected and analyzed throughout the follow-up period.</p> Results <p>A total of 574 patients (774 eyes) were included, with a mean follow-up of 5.1 ± 4.7 years. The mean anti-VEGF injections was 3.6 ± 2.3 times in the first year, significantly decreasing to 1.6 ± 2.0 in the second year (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and 0.29 ± 1.1 by the tenth year. In contrast, corticosteroid injections remained low and&#xa0;stable over ten years (0.16 ± 0.49 in the first year; 0.16 ± 0.68 in the tenth year). Baseline BCVA was 0.43 ± 0.36 logMAR, significantly improving to 0.27 ± 0.29 at year 1 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and remained stable at 0.32 ± 0.31 by year 10. Mean CMT decreased from 423.1 ± 121.3 μm at baseline to 333.4 ± 93.8 μm in year 1 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and continued to decline over 10 years, reaching 279.3 ± 71.2 μm.</p> Conclusion <p>This 10-year real-world study confirms the effectiveness of anti-VEGF and corticosteroid injections in achieving functional and anatomical improvements in DME, although the outcomes were less favorable than those reported in clinical trials, primarily due to undertreatment and patient heterogeneity.</p>

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Real-world outcomes of anti-VEGF and corticosteroid therapies for diabetic macular edema: up to 10 years of follow-up in Korean patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Seung Woo Choi,
  • Seok Hee Lee,
  • Min Seok Kim

摘要

Purpose

To examine the long-term real-world outcomes of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and corticosteroid injections in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Study design

Single-center, retrospective study.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with DME between January 2010 and December 2023. The number of anti-VEGF and corticosteroid injections, along with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT), were collected and analyzed throughout the follow-up period.

Results

A total of 574 patients (774 eyes) were included, with a mean follow-up of 5.1 ± 4.7 years. The mean anti-VEGF injections was 3.6 ± 2.3 times in the first year, significantly decreasing to 1.6 ± 2.0 in the second year (p < 0.001) and 0.29 ± 1.1 by the tenth year. In contrast, corticosteroid injections remained low and stable over ten years (0.16 ± 0.49 in the first year; 0.16 ± 0.68 in the tenth year). Baseline BCVA was 0.43 ± 0.36 logMAR, significantly improving to 0.27 ± 0.29 at year 1 (p < 0.001) and remained stable at 0.32 ± 0.31 by year 10. Mean CMT decreased from 423.1 ± 121.3 μm at baseline to 333.4 ± 93.8 μm in year 1 (p < 0.001), and continued to decline over 10 years, reaching 279.3 ± 71.2 μm.

Conclusion

This 10-year real-world study confirms the effectiveness of anti-VEGF and corticosteroid injections in achieving functional and anatomical improvements in DME, although the outcomes were less favorable than those reported in clinical trials, primarily due to undertreatment and patient heterogeneity.