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<p>In the seismically active zone stretching from Nyingchi to Chamdo in Tibet, China, talus slopes are widely distributed. To investigate their seismic stability and failure mechanism, three models, mixed, pure gravel, and pure sand models were constructed for shaking table tests and DEM simulations. The results indicate that seismic loading significantly impairs the stability of talus slopes, leading to two distinct failure modes: shallow failure and large-scale failure. For large-scale failure, three models exhibited a consistent failure process consisting of initial triggering, subsequent sliding, and final spreading stages. Grading fundamentally controls sliding through its influence on mesostructural evolution. The particle sorting in the mixed model was notably pronounced, generating a stratified three-layer structure comprising a low-resistance intermediate finer layer, along with the large voids and wheel structures in the shear zone, resulting in the longest sliding. For the pure gravel model, shear resistance weakened progressively along with significant dilation, resulting in the longest triggering stage but the shortest sliding distance. The pure sand model developed distinct wheel structures with negligible large voids inside the shear zone, exhibiting intermediate sliding distance. Furthermore, an assessment method for seismic damage regarding the actual seismic loading, slope scale, and material composition was proposed for dry talus slopes in the studied region.</p>

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Failure mechanism and damage assessment of talus slopes with varied gradation under seismic loading

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • Xing Wei,
  • Shitao Cheng,
  • Rui Chen,
  • Xinle Zhai,
  • Jun Feng,
  • Zijian Wang,
  • Yanjun Li,
  • Le Cheng

摘要

In the seismically active zone stretching from Nyingchi to Chamdo in Tibet, China, talus slopes are widely distributed. To investigate their seismic stability and failure mechanism, three models, mixed, pure gravel, and pure sand models were constructed for shaking table tests and DEM simulations. The results indicate that seismic loading significantly impairs the stability of talus slopes, leading to two distinct failure modes: shallow failure and large-scale failure. For large-scale failure, three models exhibited a consistent failure process consisting of initial triggering, subsequent sliding, and final spreading stages. Grading fundamentally controls sliding through its influence on mesostructural evolution. The particle sorting in the mixed model was notably pronounced, generating a stratified three-layer structure comprising a low-resistance intermediate finer layer, along with the large voids and wheel structures in the shear zone, resulting in the longest sliding. For the pure gravel model, shear resistance weakened progressively along with significant dilation, resulting in the longest triggering stage but the shortest sliding distance. The pure sand model developed distinct wheel structures with negligible large voids inside the shear zone, exhibiting intermediate sliding distance. Furthermore, an assessment method for seismic damage regarding the actual seismic loading, slope scale, and material composition was proposed for dry talus slopes in the studied region.