Facing challenges of urban landslide mapping by complementing geomorphological surveys and satellite interferometry in Alcoy (SE Spain)
摘要
Mapping landslides in urbanised areas is usually challenging as anthropic alterations can hide or erase their morphological imprint on the natural terrain. When landslide features cannot be recognised currently, geomorphological surveys based on historical aerial images become highly valuable. Similarly, remote sensing techniques like Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) can reveal ground displacement related to a landslide despite the absence of surface morphologies. In this work, we aim to highlight the complementarities and limitations of these methods for mapping urban landslides, evaluating the specific challenges of identifying landslides in urban contexts. This discussion is illustrated with two case examples from the town of Alcoy (SE Spain), a location known for its historical landslide impacts. The two selected landslides were defined for the first time in this study: San Pancracio and Viaduct Park landslides, both causing damage to buildings and infrastructure. Ground displacement in both landslides was evidenced by DInSAR data, showing rates of 10 to 30 mm/yr. This data was crucial to spotlight the San Pancracio landslide, whose geomorphological features are currently indiscernible but can be more clearly inferred from historical aerial images. In contrast, DInSAR displacement in the Viaduct Park landslide was limited to a specific sector, while the entire landslide body was easily visible in historical images and partially evident in the present day. Moreover, in both landslides, damage to buildings and infrastructure supported the validation of ground movement potentially associated with the landslide, although construction-related factors may also contribute.