<p>There are many layers of coal seams distributed in the sandy mudstone and limestone strata with thin bedded cataclastic structure in the Wumeng Mountain area, and large-scale coal-mining activities strongly affect the stability of the mountain. Taking Yangjiazhai landslide as an example, the basic characteristics, deformation process, and instability mechanism of large coal-mining landslide are studied by field geological survey, multi-period optical remote sensing data analysis, long time series InSAR dynamic observation, and three-dimensional discrete element numerical simulation, and the disaster-prone geological structure and identification method are discussed. Yangjiazhai landslide is a massive underground mining rock landslide with a total volume of 937.5 × 10⁴m³, which can be divided into three sub-landslides I, II, and III. The deformation was first discovered in 2007, and since 2021, the deformation of the rear edge and front edge has significantly expanded and accelerated. The disaster-prone geological structure of Yangjiazhai landslide is characterized by regional folding disaster-controlling structure, soft and hard interphase disaster-bearing strata, steep upward and slow downward disaster-forming landform, etc. On the basis, with the formation and expansion of the underground goaf, the movement and deformation of the mountain along the tectonic plane of the cataclastic rock mass occur, which provides the conditions for the formation on the upper part of the goaf. Geological hazards induced by coal seam mining pose a serious threat to the safety of rural human settlements. In the future work of disaster prevention and reduction, we should pay close attention to the important geological hazards in the Wumeng Mountain area where underground mining activities exist.</p>