<p>High-altitude regions of the Himalayas remain among the least studied landscapes, largely due to their rugged terrain and harsh environmental conditions. These ecosystems are increasingly facing anthropogenic pressures, including habitat fragmentation, human disturbance, and intensive livestock grazing. Present study aimed to assess the mammalian diversity, habitat correlates and interactions with anthropogenic stressors in the Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary using the camera trap survey from May 2023 to December 2024 for 4238 camera trap days. A total of 22 mammalian species were recorded, including two Endangered, two Vulnerable, and three Near Threatened species. Himalayan Red Fox and Himalayan Brown Bear were relatively abundant and dispersed species in each habitat type of the sanctuary. Temporal overlap analyses revealed that Himalayan Tahr and Himalayan Goral exhibited the highest temporal overlap with anthropogenic stressors, whereas carnivores displayed moderate overlap. Generalized Linear Models further indicated species-specific habitat preferences, where Brown Bears were associated with rugged terrain and grasslands, whereas, Red Foxes showed positive associations with human-built areas and croplands. The coexistence of three large predators, several threatened species, and increasing human activities underscores the urgent need for effective conservation strategies within the sanctuary. Overall, our findings provide critical baseline ecological information on the region’s mammalian fauna, supporting the development of targeted, evidence-based conservation measures for safeguarding the diverse mammal communities of the Dhauladhar landscape.</p>