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<p>The puma (<i>Puma concolor</i>) is the mammal with the widest distribution in the Western Hemisphere. Studies suggest that the presence of top predators has increased in large cities in recent years. We searched for puma presence records in literature, online databases, and through fieldwork. We analyzed the relationship between the distance of puma presence records (2015–2024) and metropolitan areas in Mexico. Subsequently, we performed a linear regression model to predict the year in which puma presence records would be most likely in these areas. A total of 448 records were analyzed. The average distance to metropolitan areas was 271.19&#xa0;km ± 152.81&#xa0;km. Furthermore, the distance of puma presence records from metropolitan areas decreased from 2015 to 2024. The linear regression model suggests that puma sightings will be more frequent in metropolitan areas in 2042. Understanding this trend will allow for the design of coexistence strategies that integrate large carnivores into planning within a context of metropolitan expansion.</p>

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Is Puma concolor closer to metropolitan areas? Implications for puma-human conflict

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Octavio Monroy-Vilchis,
  • Martha Mariela Zarco-González,
  • Zuleyma Zarco-González,
  • Tania María Vega-Valero,
  • Ángel Balbuena-Serrano

摘要

The puma (Puma concolor) is the mammal with the widest distribution in the Western Hemisphere. Studies suggest that the presence of top predators has increased in large cities in recent years. We searched for puma presence records in literature, online databases, and through fieldwork. We analyzed the relationship between the distance of puma presence records (2015–2024) and metropolitan areas in Mexico. Subsequently, we performed a linear regression model to predict the year in which puma presence records would be most likely in these areas. A total of 448 records were analyzed. The average distance to metropolitan areas was 271.19 km ± 152.81 km. Furthermore, the distance of puma presence records from metropolitan areas decreased from 2015 to 2024. The linear regression model suggests that puma sightings will be more frequent in metropolitan areas in 2042. Understanding this trend will allow for the design of coexistence strategies that integrate large carnivores into planning within a context of metropolitan expansion.