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<p>Fusarium wilt is a&#xa0;major threat to gerbera (<i>Gerbera jamesonii</i>), yet the identity and diversity of causal agents in Vietnam remain poorly understood. We characterized seven <i>Fusarium </i>isolates recovered from discolored stems of wilted gerbera plants in Lam Dong province, Vietnam’s primary floricultural area. All isolates were pathogenic in seed inoculation and detached-leaf assays, causing germination failure, root and collar rot, and leaf necrosis. Morphological analysis grouped the isolates into four species complexes based on colony and spore characteristics; however, species-level resolution was not possible using morphology alone. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region and Translation Elongation Factor&#xa0;1‑α (<i>TEF1‑α</i>) gene, supported by maximum likelihood inference, resolved the isolates into six well-supported lineages across four complexes: <i>Fusarium nirenbergiae, F.&#xa0;cugenangense</i>, and <i>F.&#xa0;curvatum</i> (<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> species complex); <i>F.&#xa0;annulatum</i> (<i>F.&#xa0;fujikuroi</i> species complex); <i>F.&#xa0;compactum</i> (<i>F.&#xa0;incarnatum-equiseti</i> species complex); and <i>Neocosmospora tonkinensis</i> (<i>F.&#xa0;solani</i> species complex). Despite similar symptoms across isolates, molecular and morphological evidence indicated a&#xa0;multi-species etiology of gerbera wilt rather than one dominance by <i>F.&#xa0;oxysporum</i>. Notably, most species except <i>F.&#xa0;annulatum</i> have not previously reported from gerbera globally, while <i>F.&#xa0;annulatum, F.&#xa0;nirenbergiae</i>, and <i>F.&#xa0;compactum</i> represent new host records in Vietnam. Given current taxonomic instability within <i>Fusarium</i>, these findings should be interpreted within a&#xa0;phylogenetic framework. This study provides a&#xa0;comprehensive account of <i>Fusarium</i> diversity associated with gerbera wilt in Vietnam and highlights the need for continued surveillance and integrated disease management in floriculture systems.</p>

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Morpho-Phylogenetic Evidence of Fusarium Species Diversity On Gerbera (Gerbera Jamesonii) in Vietnam Using Multilocus Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • Dung Le

摘要

Fusarium wilt is a major threat to gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii), yet the identity and diversity of causal agents in Vietnam remain poorly understood. We characterized seven Fusarium isolates recovered from discolored stems of wilted gerbera plants in Lam Dong province, Vietnam’s primary floricultural area. All isolates were pathogenic in seed inoculation and detached-leaf assays, causing germination failure, root and collar rot, and leaf necrosis. Morphological analysis grouped the isolates into four species complexes based on colony and spore characteristics; however, species-level resolution was not possible using morphology alone. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region and Translation Elongation Factor 1‑α (TEF1‑α) gene, supported by maximum likelihood inference, resolved the isolates into six well-supported lineages across four complexes: Fusarium nirenbergiae, F. cugenangense, and F. curvatum (Fusarium oxysporum species complex); F. annulatum (F. fujikuroi species complex); F. compactum (F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex); and Neocosmospora tonkinensis (F. solani species complex). Despite similar symptoms across isolates, molecular and morphological evidence indicated a multi-species etiology of gerbera wilt rather than one dominance by F. oxysporum. Notably, most species except F. annulatum have not previously reported from gerbera globally, while F. annulatum, F. nirenbergiae, and F. compactum represent new host records in Vietnam. Given current taxonomic instability within Fusarium, these findings should be interpreted within a phylogenetic framework. This study provides a comprehensive account of Fusarium diversity associated with gerbera wilt in Vietnam and highlights the need for continued surveillance and integrated disease management in floriculture systems.