Scholarlink

<p>Chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i>&#xa0;L.) is a&#xa0;major global pulse and a&#xa0;cornerstone of nutritional security in semi-arid regions; however, its productivity is increasingly threatened by drought, heat, salinity, and episodic frost under climate change. Conventional breeding has delivered improved cultivars but struggles with the polygenic and environment-dependent nature of stress-resilience traits. Recent advances in genomics, functional omics, and microbiome science are transforming chickpea improvement pipelines. High-quality reference genomes, pangenomes, dense SNP and SSR resources, and next-generation genotyping platforms now enable precise QTL mapping, genome-wide association studies, marker-assisted backcrossing, genomic selection, and first applications of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-associated protein&#xa0;9 (CRISPR-Cas9) for abiotic stress tolerance. Complementary transcriptomic, proteomic, and particularly metabolomic studies have uncovered key osmoprotectants, antioxidants, amino acids, and pathway-level reprogramming associated with drought, salinity, and heat tolerance, providing a&#xa0;valuable source of candidate biomarkers for stress-resilient crop improvement. In parallel, chickpea root and rhizosphere microbiomes, including genotype-specific core communities and synthetic microbial consortia, have emerged as critical determinants of nutrient acquisition, hormone balance, oxidative stress mitigation, and microbe-mediated signaling networks that underpin multi-stress resilience. Integrative microbiome-metabolomics studies have revealed coordinated shifts in rhizosphere taxa and metabolite profiles and demonstrated the potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and plant growth regulators to reconfigure stress-responsive metabolism and improve physiological performance under water deficit conditions. Finally, innovative breeding platforms such as speed breeding, combined with genomics-assisted and microbiome-enabled selection, offer powerful routes to accelerate development of climate-resilient chickpea cultivars. This review synthesizes these advances and outlines a&#xa0;systems-level framework linking gene-metabolite-microbe interactions to breeding strategies for sustainable chickpea production in a&#xa0;changing climate.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Engineering Resilience in Chickpea: Omics and Microbiome Approaches for Abiotic Stress Tolerance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

查看全文
  • Sakshi Chaudhary,
  • Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi,
  • Satya Prakash

摘要

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major global pulse and a cornerstone of nutritional security in semi-arid regions; however, its productivity is increasingly threatened by drought, heat, salinity, and episodic frost under climate change. Conventional breeding has delivered improved cultivars but struggles with the polygenic and environment-dependent nature of stress-resilience traits. Recent advances in genomics, functional omics, and microbiome science are transforming chickpea improvement pipelines. High-quality reference genomes, pangenomes, dense SNP and SSR resources, and next-generation genotyping platforms now enable precise QTL mapping, genome-wide association studies, marker-assisted backcrossing, genomic selection, and first applications of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) for abiotic stress tolerance. Complementary transcriptomic, proteomic, and particularly metabolomic studies have uncovered key osmoprotectants, antioxidants, amino acids, and pathway-level reprogramming associated with drought, salinity, and heat tolerance, providing a valuable source of candidate biomarkers for stress-resilient crop improvement. In parallel, chickpea root and rhizosphere microbiomes, including genotype-specific core communities and synthetic microbial consortia, have emerged as critical determinants of nutrient acquisition, hormone balance, oxidative stress mitigation, and microbe-mediated signaling networks that underpin multi-stress resilience. Integrative microbiome-metabolomics studies have revealed coordinated shifts in rhizosphere taxa and metabolite profiles and demonstrated the potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and plant growth regulators to reconfigure stress-responsive metabolism and improve physiological performance under water deficit conditions. Finally, innovative breeding platforms such as speed breeding, combined with genomics-assisted and microbiome-enabled selection, offer powerful routes to accelerate development of climate-resilient chickpea cultivars. This review synthesizes these advances and outlines a systems-level framework linking gene-metabolite-microbe interactions to breeding strategies for sustainable chickpea production in a changing climate.