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<p>The <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> (brown planthopper, BPH) is a&#xa0;major rice pest, causing severe yield losses worldwide. Understanding the macromolecular mechanism of rice resistance is critical for pest management, which is currently not well established. We investigated two resistant cultivars (Salkathi and CR Dhan 805) and one susceptible cultivar (Naveen) under BPH stress. Resistant cultivars exhibited strong antixenosis and antibiosis resistance, evidenced by significantly lower honeydew excretion (Salkathi: 24.03 mm<sup>2</sup> vs. Naveen: 237.27 mm<sup>2</sup>) and reduced nymph survival (Salkathi: 21.66% vs. Naveen: 83.33%). Transcriptome profiling identified 9479 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 3288 were functionally annotated and significantly enriched in macromolecule-associated defence pathways, including MAPK signaling, jasmonic acid/ethylene-biosynthesis, and secondary metabolite production. Key transcription factor families such as WRKY, MYB, bHLH, and NAC, were prominent regulators. Three candidate genes (<i>LOC4339516, LOC4351819, and LOC107275890</i>) were validated by qRT-PCR, showing differential expression patterns linked to defence activation. Gene organization analysis of BPH-responsive genes revealed variations in intron-exon structure. A&#xa0;protein-protein interaction network showing significant enrichment and modular organization. Phytohormonal expression and spatio–temporal gene expression analysis revealed that jasmonic acid and auxin consistently induced high expression during BPH infestation. These findings elucidate the molecular architecture and macromolecular interaction networks underlying rice defence against BPH, providing key targets for protein engineering and molecular breeding to enhance BPH resistance and contribute to global food security.</p>

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Transcriptomic and Hormonal Regulation of Rice Defence Against Brown Planthopper

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Guru-Pirasanna-Pandi Govindharaj,
  • Rudramadhab Panda,
  • Kutubuddin Molla,
  • Romio Saha,
  • Mridul Chakroborti,
  • Meera Kumari Kar,
  • C. Parameswaran,
  • S. Raghu,
  • B. Parameswari,
  • S. D. Mohapatra

摘要

The Nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper, BPH) is a major rice pest, causing severe yield losses worldwide. Understanding the macromolecular mechanism of rice resistance is critical for pest management, which is currently not well established. We investigated two resistant cultivars (Salkathi and CR Dhan 805) and one susceptible cultivar (Naveen) under BPH stress. Resistant cultivars exhibited strong antixenosis and antibiosis resistance, evidenced by significantly lower honeydew excretion (Salkathi: 24.03 mm2 vs. Naveen: 237.27 mm2) and reduced nymph survival (Salkathi: 21.66% vs. Naveen: 83.33%). Transcriptome profiling identified 9479 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 3288 were functionally annotated and significantly enriched in macromolecule-associated defence pathways, including MAPK signaling, jasmonic acid/ethylene-biosynthesis, and secondary metabolite production. Key transcription factor families such as WRKY, MYB, bHLH, and NAC, were prominent regulators. Three candidate genes (LOC4339516, LOC4351819, and LOC107275890) were validated by qRT-PCR, showing differential expression patterns linked to defence activation. Gene organization analysis of BPH-responsive genes revealed variations in intron-exon structure. A protein-protein interaction network showing significant enrichment and modular organization. Phytohormonal expression and spatio–temporal gene expression analysis revealed that jasmonic acid and auxin consistently induced high expression during BPH infestation. These findings elucidate the molecular architecture and macromolecular interaction networks underlying rice defence against BPH, providing key targets for protein engineering and molecular breeding to enhance BPH resistance and contribute to global food security.