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<p>Sugarcane, a&#xa0;key feedstock for sugar and allied industries, is known for its high photosynthetic efficiency and strong yield potential under irrigated subtropical and tropical conditions. Genetic variability within crop germplasm lays the plinth of crop improvement through breeding. The development of high-yielding, widely adaptable hybrids requires a&#xa0;deep understanding of genetic diversity and associated physiological traits. In the current study, we assessed genetic diversity and relationships among 38&#xa0;elite sugarcane hybrid cultivars using SSR markers. A&#xa0;total of 32&#xa0;SSR primers were employed, of which 27&#xa0;showed polymorphism, generating 277 bands—169 polymorphic and 108 monomorphic-with an average of 9.66 bands per primer. The number of polymorphic alleles amplified per primer averaged&#xa0;4.3, and the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.38, with the range being 0.21 (UGSM 695) to 0.72 observed for primer UGSM 571. Genetic diversity analysis revealed significant variation among genotypes, independent of geographic origin, traits, or ploidy levels. Cluster analysis based on genetic similarity coefficients grouped the genotypes into two major groups (Groups&#xa0;I and&#xa0;II) at J = 0.59. These groups were further subdivided into several subgroups, highlighting their complex genetic relationships. Notably, the highest genetic similarity (90%) was observed among Co7717, ISH135, and CoS767, as well as between CoS95255 and UP49. In contrast, the lowest similarity was observed between CoS08279 and Co86032. Population structure analysis revealed the presence of three distinct subpopulations within the accession set; however, no clear correlation was observed between subpopulation grouping and the geographic origin of the accessions. The high-resolution discrimination offered by SSR markers underscores their effectiveness in uncovering genetic diversity, providing critical insights for sugarcane breeding programs aimed at enhancing yield and quality. These findings are particularly valuable for guiding the introgression of desirable alleles into modern cultivars by leveraging the natural genetic variation in sugarcane genetic resources.</p>

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Dissecting Genetic Relationships and Population Structure in Sugarcane Genetic Resources Through SSR Marker Datasets and Diversity Indices

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Ram Baran Singh,
  • Vivekanand P. Rao,
  • Mahesh D. Mahendrakar,
  • Jyoti Rastogi,
  • R. S. Sengar

摘要

Sugarcane, a key feedstock for sugar and allied industries, is known for its high photosynthetic efficiency and strong yield potential under irrigated subtropical and tropical conditions. Genetic variability within crop germplasm lays the plinth of crop improvement through breeding. The development of high-yielding, widely adaptable hybrids requires a deep understanding of genetic diversity and associated physiological traits. In the current study, we assessed genetic diversity and relationships among 38 elite sugarcane hybrid cultivars using SSR markers. A total of 32 SSR primers were employed, of which 27 showed polymorphism, generating 277 bands—169 polymorphic and 108 monomorphic-with an average of 9.66 bands per primer. The number of polymorphic alleles amplified per primer averaged 4.3, and the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.38, with the range being 0.21 (UGSM 695) to 0.72 observed for primer UGSM 571. Genetic diversity analysis revealed significant variation among genotypes, independent of geographic origin, traits, or ploidy levels. Cluster analysis based on genetic similarity coefficients grouped the genotypes into two major groups (Groups I and II) at J = 0.59. These groups were further subdivided into several subgroups, highlighting their complex genetic relationships. Notably, the highest genetic similarity (90%) was observed among Co7717, ISH135, and CoS767, as well as between CoS95255 and UP49. In contrast, the lowest similarity was observed between CoS08279 and Co86032. Population structure analysis revealed the presence of three distinct subpopulations within the accession set; however, no clear correlation was observed between subpopulation grouping and the geographic origin of the accessions. The high-resolution discrimination offered by SSR markers underscores their effectiveness in uncovering genetic diversity, providing critical insights for sugarcane breeding programs aimed at enhancing yield and quality. These findings are particularly valuable for guiding the introgression of desirable alleles into modern cultivars by leveraging the natural genetic variation in sugarcane genetic resources.