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<p>The accumulation of protein dehydrins and compatible osmolytes and the activation of several components of the antioxidant system are considered to be the major biochemical responses of plants to drought. However, the relationship between these defense responses and their contribution to drought tolerance of individual genotypes remains poorly understood, especially in early stages of plant development. We studied the response of 2‑day-old etiolated wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) seedlings to model drought (exposure to 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) solution for the next two days). Based on the resistance index (ratio of shoot biomass during drought to control), the cultivars were ranked as follows: Conditor ≥ Antonivka &gt; Bohemia &gt; Baletka ≥ Tonnage ≥ Nordika ≥ Balitus. The most resistant cultivars, Conditor and Antonivka, showed minimal increases in superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxidation products after exposure to PEG 8000. They also lacked an increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities after stress application, and the increase in guaiacol peroxidase activity was small. Dehydrin content in response to osmotic stress increased the most in the sensitive cultivars Tonnage, Balitus, and Baletka, and a&#xa0;significant inverse correlation was found between cultivar resistance index and dehydrin content. In most cultivars studied, osmotic stress caused a&#xa0;decrease in shoot soluble carbohydrate content, and it increased only in the most resistant, Antonivka and Conditor. Proline content increased under stress in all cultivars regardless of resistance. Resistant wheat cultivars retained their growth capacity under moderate osmotic stress due to the maintenance of soluble carbohydrate content and stability of redox homeostasis. The susceptible cultivars showed strong accumulation of dehydrin and activation of antioxidant enzymes, probably due to increased generation of reactive oxygen species. Thus, the resistant cultivars adapt to moderate drought through homeostatic rather than stress-induced mechanisms.</p>

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Dehydrin Content and Status of Antioxidant and Osmoprotective Systems of Etiolated Triticum Aestivum Seedlings of Different Genotypes Under Osmotic Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月27日

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  • Tetiana O. Yastreb,
  • Klára Kosová,
  • Pavel Vítámvás,
  • Zdeněk Cit,
  • Ivan V. Shakhov,
  • Yuriy E. Kolupaev

摘要

The accumulation of protein dehydrins and compatible osmolytes and the activation of several components of the antioxidant system are considered to be the major biochemical responses of plants to drought. However, the relationship between these defense responses and their contribution to drought tolerance of individual genotypes remains poorly understood, especially in early stages of plant development. We studied the response of 2‑day-old etiolated wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings to model drought (exposure to 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) solution for the next two days). Based on the resistance index (ratio of shoot biomass during drought to control), the cultivars were ranked as follows: Conditor ≥ Antonivka > Bohemia > Baletka ≥ Tonnage ≥ Nordika ≥ Balitus. The most resistant cultivars, Conditor and Antonivka, showed minimal increases in superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxidation products after exposure to PEG 8000. They also lacked an increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities after stress application, and the increase in guaiacol peroxidase activity was small. Dehydrin content in response to osmotic stress increased the most in the sensitive cultivars Tonnage, Balitus, and Baletka, and a significant inverse correlation was found between cultivar resistance index and dehydrin content. In most cultivars studied, osmotic stress caused a decrease in shoot soluble carbohydrate content, and it increased only in the most resistant, Antonivka and Conditor. Proline content increased under stress in all cultivars regardless of resistance. Resistant wheat cultivars retained their growth capacity under moderate osmotic stress due to the maintenance of soluble carbohydrate content and stability of redox homeostasis. The susceptible cultivars showed strong accumulation of dehydrin and activation of antioxidant enzymes, probably due to increased generation of reactive oxygen species. Thus, the resistant cultivars adapt to moderate drought through homeostatic rather than stress-induced mechanisms.