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<p>The production and improvement of new high-yielding and stable wheat cultivars with important agronomic characteristics is one of the most urgent needs in the country’s food security development program. The genotype × environment interaction effect causes the yield of cultivars to be affected by the environment and the true value of each genotype cannot be accurately estimated. This study aimed to investigate the genotype × environment interaction effect in multi-environment experiments to determine the most stable wheat genotypes through AMMI and GGE biplot stability analysis methods under normal conditions in different cold climate regions of Iran. For this purpose, 20&#xa0;winter and facultative wheat genotypes, obtained from preliminary yield trials, along with the control cultivars Zarrineh and Heyran (22&#xa0;genotypes) were studied under irrigation conditions in a&#xa0;randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in 11 cold climate research stations in Iran, including Karaj, Hamedan, Mashhad, Jolgherokh, Miandoab, Ardabil, Arak, Eqlid, Tabriz, Zanjan, and Qazvin for two consecutive crop years (2020–2021 and 2021–2022). AMMI analysis indicated the existence of differences between environments, genotypes, and the interaction between them. The first and second principal components explained a&#xa0;total of 43.9% of the variation related to the genotype × environment interaction effect. The lowest IPCA1 values were found in genotypes G10, G5, G11, G15, G17 and G22. Among these genotypes, genotypes G11 and G15 showed higher grain yield than the average total yield. Based on IPCA1 and IPCA2 values, no stable genotype with a&#xa0;yield higher than the total average (6.83 tons/hectare) was observed. In AMMI stability parameters, genotypes G5, G15, G8, G17, G20, and G22 were selected as the most stable genotypes, and among them, G8 and G15 showed higher grain yield than the average total yield and can be introduced as stable genotypes with high general adaptation. Based on the average yield and stability biplot, genotypes G20, G14, G5, G15, G22, G8, G16 and G3 had the highest general stability, and among them, G8 and G15, G3, and G16 had higher grain yield than the average total yield. Based on the which-won-where biplot pattern, genotypes, and environments were divided into four major groups. According to the genotype ranking biplot, there was no ideal genotype; however, G3 genotypes and, in the next stage, G16, G2, and G8 genotypes can be considered desirable genotypes that have high average yield and high stability. Both stability analysis methods identified somewhat similar genotypes as superior genotypes, and genotypes G8, G15, G3, and G16 had higher grain yield than the average total yield in addition to high stability.</p>

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Evaluation of Grain Yield Stability of Promising Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes in the Cold Climate of Iran Using Multivariate Methods

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • Ashkboos Amini,
  • Ali Akbar Asadi,
  • Elias Arazmjoo,
  • Mehrdad Chaychi,
  • Alireza Eyvozi,
  • Hamidreza Nikkhah,
  • Masoud Ezzat Ahmadi,
  • Marefat Ghasemi,
  • Adel Ghadiri,
  • Seyyed Karim HosseiniBay,
  • Parviz Salehi,
  • Nader Mir Fakhraei,
  • Seyyed Mohammad Mehdi Mir Fattah

摘要

The production and improvement of new high-yielding and stable wheat cultivars with important agronomic characteristics is one of the most urgent needs in the country’s food security development program. The genotype × environment interaction effect causes the yield of cultivars to be affected by the environment and the true value of each genotype cannot be accurately estimated. This study aimed to investigate the genotype × environment interaction effect in multi-environment experiments to determine the most stable wheat genotypes through AMMI and GGE biplot stability analysis methods under normal conditions in different cold climate regions of Iran. For this purpose, 20 winter and facultative wheat genotypes, obtained from preliminary yield trials, along with the control cultivars Zarrineh and Heyran (22 genotypes) were studied under irrigation conditions in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in 11 cold climate research stations in Iran, including Karaj, Hamedan, Mashhad, Jolgherokh, Miandoab, Ardabil, Arak, Eqlid, Tabriz, Zanjan, and Qazvin for two consecutive crop years (2020–2021 and 2021–2022). AMMI analysis indicated the existence of differences between environments, genotypes, and the interaction between them. The first and second principal components explained a total of 43.9% of the variation related to the genotype × environment interaction effect. The lowest IPCA1 values were found in genotypes G10, G5, G11, G15, G17 and G22. Among these genotypes, genotypes G11 and G15 showed higher grain yield than the average total yield. Based on IPCA1 and IPCA2 values, no stable genotype with a yield higher than the total average (6.83 tons/hectare) was observed. In AMMI stability parameters, genotypes G5, G15, G8, G17, G20, and G22 were selected as the most stable genotypes, and among them, G8 and G15 showed higher grain yield than the average total yield and can be introduced as stable genotypes with high general adaptation. Based on the average yield and stability biplot, genotypes G20, G14, G5, G15, G22, G8, G16 and G3 had the highest general stability, and among them, G8 and G15, G3, and G16 had higher grain yield than the average total yield. Based on the which-won-where biplot pattern, genotypes, and environments were divided into four major groups. According to the genotype ranking biplot, there was no ideal genotype; however, G3 genotypes and, in the next stage, G16, G2, and G8 genotypes can be considered desirable genotypes that have high average yield and high stability. Both stability analysis methods identified somewhat similar genotypes as superior genotypes, and genotypes G8, G15, G3, and G16 had higher grain yield than the average total yield in addition to high stability.