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<p><i>Sitophilus zeamais</i> is a&#xa0;significant pest in stored grains causing significant crop losses. The use of eco-friendly and sustainable management strategies for agricultural pests is gathering more attention, and essential oils (EOs) have emerged as promising candidates with rich bioactive compounds. In this study, the bio-efficacy of EOs on <i>S.&#xa0;zeamais</i> was assessed through mortality rates evaluated at 24&#xa0;and 48 h, using probit regression analysis to determine lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC&#xa0;90) of individual and combined EOs. Results indicated that the mint and sage blend exhibited the lowest LC50 value of 0.062 µL/cm<sup>2</sup> at 24 h, highlighting its significant fumigant activity at low concentrations. By 48 h, mint and sage blend also achieved an LC50 of 0.028 µL/cm<sup>2</sup>, confirming its enhanced efficacy over time. EO combinations of mint and laurel, as well as frankincense and sage consistently yielded higher mortality rates than sole EOs. Synergistic effects in several EO combinations significantly increased mortality rates, while some blends exhibited antagonistic interactions that limited their effectiveness. Significant interactions between dose, time, and EO type (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.001) were determined by probit analysis, emphasizing their combined effects on mortality rates. Menthol (36.32%) and menthone (38.04%) in mint, along with α‑Phellandrene (21.62%) in frankincense, were key contributors to the bioactivity. The potential of EO blends as an environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic pesticides for protecting stored grain was demonstrated by this study. In conclusion, optimizing EO formulations could enhance pest control efficacy while minimizing the ecological footprint, contributing to the broader goals of sustainable agriculture and reducing reliance on chemical pest management systems.</p>

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Effective Control of Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) using Essential Oil Blends: An Alternative to Single-Oil Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月8日

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  • Abdurrahman Sami Koca,
  • Abdurrahim Yılmaz

摘要

Sitophilus zeamais is a significant pest in stored grains causing significant crop losses. The use of eco-friendly and sustainable management strategies for agricultural pests is gathering more attention, and essential oils (EOs) have emerged as promising candidates with rich bioactive compounds. In this study, the bio-efficacy of EOs on S. zeamais was assessed through mortality rates evaluated at 24 and 48 h, using probit regression analysis to determine lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC 90) of individual and combined EOs. Results indicated that the mint and sage blend exhibited the lowest LC50 value of 0.062 µL/cm2 at 24 h, highlighting its significant fumigant activity at low concentrations. By 48 h, mint and sage blend also achieved an LC50 of 0.028 µL/cm2, confirming its enhanced efficacy over time. EO combinations of mint and laurel, as well as frankincense and sage consistently yielded higher mortality rates than sole EOs. Synergistic effects in several EO combinations significantly increased mortality rates, while some blends exhibited antagonistic interactions that limited their effectiveness. Significant interactions between dose, time, and EO type (P ≤ 0.001) were determined by probit analysis, emphasizing their combined effects on mortality rates. Menthol (36.32%) and menthone (38.04%) in mint, along with α‑Phellandrene (21.62%) in frankincense, were key contributors to the bioactivity. The potential of EO blends as an environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic pesticides for protecting stored grain was demonstrated by this study. In conclusion, optimizing EO formulations could enhance pest control efficacy while minimizing the ecological footprint, contributing to the broader goals of sustainable agriculture and reducing reliance on chemical pest management systems.