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<p>Tree species mixing is a well-known forest management strategy, often playing a beneficial role in forest productivity, stability and ecosystem biodiversity. However, whether species mixing mitigates the impacts of climate anomalies such as drought on tree growth remains controversial. This study compared the growth, climate sensitivity and drought response between pure and mixed forests with different mixing proportions of Chinese fir in Southeastern China using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and tree-ring width (TRW) respectively. NDVI time series were extracted from 57 monoculture and 50 mixture plots using the Landsat remote sensing satellite spanning 1986–2022, and tree rings were collected from 324 trees in pure forests and 182 trees in mixed forests. Then, the effects of tree-level, neighborhood, and climate drivers were investigated using the interpretable XGBoost model. No evidence showed that Chinese fir benefited from the admixture with Masson pine. Species mixing had neutral or negative effects on the growth of Chinese fir and its drought response, regardless of whether NDVI or TRW was used. NDVI was more sensitive to atmospheric moisture compared to TRW, but differences between pure and mixed forests were more pronounced in TRW. Tree growth and its response to drought in mixed forests were influenced by tree characteristics &gt; neighborhood traits &gt; climate, and their effects varied with the mixing proportions of species. Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) had a greater impact on tree growth than soil moisture. In mixed forests, the negative impact of VPD on tree growth was the smallest in the mixing proportion of 5:5, which also experienced the lowest growth reduction caused by droughts. Our findings suggested that species mixtures did not always facilitate all mixed species, but rather even reduced the growth and resilience to multi-year droughts of a particular species. However, appropriate mixing proportions of species could minimize the downside effects while maintaining the ecological advantages of species mixing.</p>

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Effects of mixing with Masson pine on the growth and drought resilience of Chinese fir in subtropical forests

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Ruiting Liang,
  • Yifu Wang,
  • Zhidan Ding,
  • Yujun Sun,
  • Siyu Qiu

摘要

Tree species mixing is a well-known forest management strategy, often playing a beneficial role in forest productivity, stability and ecosystem biodiversity. However, whether species mixing mitigates the impacts of climate anomalies such as drought on tree growth remains controversial. This study compared the growth, climate sensitivity and drought response between pure and mixed forests with different mixing proportions of Chinese fir in Southeastern China using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and tree-ring width (TRW) respectively. NDVI time series were extracted from 57 monoculture and 50 mixture plots using the Landsat remote sensing satellite spanning 1986–2022, and tree rings were collected from 324 trees in pure forests and 182 trees in mixed forests. Then, the effects of tree-level, neighborhood, and climate drivers were investigated using the interpretable XGBoost model. No evidence showed that Chinese fir benefited from the admixture with Masson pine. Species mixing had neutral or negative effects on the growth of Chinese fir and its drought response, regardless of whether NDVI or TRW was used. NDVI was more sensitive to atmospheric moisture compared to TRW, but differences between pure and mixed forests were more pronounced in TRW. Tree growth and its response to drought in mixed forests were influenced by tree characteristics > neighborhood traits > climate, and their effects varied with the mixing proportions of species. Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) had a greater impact on tree growth than soil moisture. In mixed forests, the negative impact of VPD on tree growth was the smallest in the mixing proportion of 5:5, which also experienced the lowest growth reduction caused by droughts. Our findings suggested that species mixtures did not always facilitate all mixed species, but rather even reduced the growth and resilience to multi-year droughts of a particular species. However, appropriate mixing proportions of species could minimize the downside effects while maintaining the ecological advantages of species mixing.