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<p>Forest productivity depends on stand age, competition, and drought conditions. In this study, five development stages (14, 25, 31, 46, and 72&#xa0;years) of larch (<i>Larix principis-rupprechtii</i>) forests were investigated in Hebei province, Inner Mongolia, and Shanxi province of China. The Competition Index (CI), size-growth relationship (SGR), and De Martonne aridity index (AI<sub>DM</sub>) were calculated. Linear mixed models were established at both the individual-tree and stand levels to assess how stand age, competition, and drought impact larch productivity. The results revealed distinct patterns in neighborhood competition across different developmental stages of larch forests. Specifically, an inverse size-symmetric competition pattern was observed in the early and late stages, while the middle stage exhibited an asymmetric competition dynamic. At the individual-tree level, factors such as age and CI were found to negatively influence larch productivity. BAI of individual trees increased with increasing SGR in stands aged 14, 25, and 72&#xa0;years, while it decreased with rising SGR in stands aged 31 and 46&#xa0;years. Conversely, productivity increased with increasing SGR values across various developmental stages at the stand level. In addition, productivity decreased with increasing drought severity, both at the individual-tree and stand levels. The findings underscored the significance of optimizing stand structure and improving larch’s asymmetric competitive advantage as effective strategies for managing larch forest and increasing productivity under global warming.</p>

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Effects of age, neighborhood competition and drought on the productivity of Larix principis-rupprechtii (Mayr) forests

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月5日

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  • Ruihan Wang,
  • Yang Zhang,
  • Xinyu Zhang,
  • Minghao Li,
  • Chang Liu,
  • Zhidong Zhang

摘要

Forest productivity depends on stand age, competition, and drought conditions. In this study, five development stages (14, 25, 31, 46, and 72 years) of larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii) forests were investigated in Hebei province, Inner Mongolia, and Shanxi province of China. The Competition Index (CI), size-growth relationship (SGR), and De Martonne aridity index (AIDM) were calculated. Linear mixed models were established at both the individual-tree and stand levels to assess how stand age, competition, and drought impact larch productivity. The results revealed distinct patterns in neighborhood competition across different developmental stages of larch forests. Specifically, an inverse size-symmetric competition pattern was observed in the early and late stages, while the middle stage exhibited an asymmetric competition dynamic. At the individual-tree level, factors such as age and CI were found to negatively influence larch productivity. BAI of individual trees increased with increasing SGR in stands aged 14, 25, and 72 years, while it decreased with rising SGR in stands aged 31 and 46 years. Conversely, productivity increased with increasing SGR values across various developmental stages at the stand level. In addition, productivity decreased with increasing drought severity, both at the individual-tree and stand levels. The findings underscored the significance of optimizing stand structure and improving larch’s asymmetric competitive advantage as effective strategies for managing larch forest and increasing productivity under global warming.