<p>This study assesses geographically indicated walnut production in terms of energy use efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the Hekimhan district of Malatya, Türkiye. Primary data were collected through face-to-face surveys conducted with 30&#xa0;walnut producers during the 2023–2024 production season. Energy inputs and emissions were calculated using standard coefficients widely reported in the literature. Total energy input and output were 28,074.05 MJ&#xa0;ha⁻¹ and 9055.08 MJ&#xa0;ha⁻¹, respectively. The energy use efficiency (EUE) was determined to be 0.32, indicating a&#xa0;net energy deficit in the production system. Specific energy (SE), energy productivity (EP), and net energy (NE) were 31.00 MJ&#xa0;kg⁻¹, 0.032 kg&#xa0;MJ⁻¹, and −19,018.96 MJ&#xa0;ha⁻¹, respectively. Non-renewable energy sources accounted for 93.56% of total energy input, reflecting a&#xa0;high dependence on fossil-based inputs.</p><p>Total GHG emissions were 1418.39 kgCO₂-eq ha⁻¹ and emission intensity was 1.57 kgCO₂-eq kg⁻¹. The principal emission sources were diesel fuel (32.18%), human labor (18.65%), electricity (17.27%), and nitrogen fertilizer (12.43%). Despite relatively low input intensity and modest pesticide use, the system exhibits low energy efficiency, attributable primarily to low yield levels. To improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact, targeted interventions are needed, including orchard productivity enhancement, optimization of nitrogen fertilization based on soil analysis, and reduction of fossil fuel consumption. The findings further indicate that geographically indicated products are distinguished not only by their quality characteristics but also carry meaningful implications for environmental sustainability, as the conditions and practices that define their geographical origin directly shape their energy use and emission profiles.</p>