Scholarlink

<p>Olive cultivation in Mediterranean and semi-arid regions is increasingly affected by environmental variability, making the understanding of phenological responses essential for improving orchard management. This study aimed to determine the reproductive phenological calendar of ‘Moroccan Picholine’ according to the BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) scale, estimate chilling requirements for dormancy release, and quantify heat requirements for flowering and ripening under contrasting environmental conditions. The study was conducted during the 2020–2021 growing season across six sites located in three provinces of northern Morocco (Chefchaouen, Ouezzane, and Tetouan), under two water regimes (rainfed and irrigated). Reproductive phenological stages were monitored weekly, including flowering, fruit set, and fruit development. The results show that phenological variability was mainly driven by site (altitude) and water regime, while the effect of cardinal orientation was of minor magnitude. High-altitude sites exhibited delayed inflorescence and flowering onset, whereas low-altitude sites were characterized by earlier flowering and longer flowering duration. The rainfed regime slightly advanced phenological stages compared with irrigated conditions. In addition, higher flower bud density (+10%) and fruit set (+47%) were observed at higher altitudes. Significant correlations were found between phenological stages and agroclimatic parameters, particularly temperature and altitude. Overall, these findings highlight significant effects of altitude and water availability in determining floral and fruit olive phenology. The results from this study could serve as a&#xa0;basis for various agronomic practices in the ‘Moroccan Picholine’ cultivar.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Irrigation and Altitude Effects on Olive (Olea europaea L., ‘Moroccan Picholine’) Floral and Fruit Phenology: Evidence from Central Northern Morocco

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

查看全文
  • Samir El Bakali,
  • Yazgan Tunç,
  • Ali Khadivi,
  • Hassan Bouziane,
  • Ali Aghmiz,
  • El Hassan Sakar

摘要

Olive cultivation in Mediterranean and semi-arid regions is increasingly affected by environmental variability, making the understanding of phenological responses essential for improving orchard management. This study aimed to determine the reproductive phenological calendar of ‘Moroccan Picholine’ according to the BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) scale, estimate chilling requirements for dormancy release, and quantify heat requirements for flowering and ripening under contrasting environmental conditions. The study was conducted during the 2020–2021 growing season across six sites located in three provinces of northern Morocco (Chefchaouen, Ouezzane, and Tetouan), under two water regimes (rainfed and irrigated). Reproductive phenological stages were monitored weekly, including flowering, fruit set, and fruit development. The results show that phenological variability was mainly driven by site (altitude) and water regime, while the effect of cardinal orientation was of minor magnitude. High-altitude sites exhibited delayed inflorescence and flowering onset, whereas low-altitude sites were characterized by earlier flowering and longer flowering duration. The rainfed regime slightly advanced phenological stages compared with irrigated conditions. In addition, higher flower bud density (+10%) and fruit set (+47%) were observed at higher altitudes. Significant correlations were found between phenological stages and agroclimatic parameters, particularly temperature and altitude. Overall, these findings highlight significant effects of altitude and water availability in determining floral and fruit olive phenology. The results from this study could serve as a basis for various agronomic practices in the ‘Moroccan Picholine’ cultivar.

Graphic abstract