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<p>This study examines the competitive structures of the eight leading countries in global olive oil production during the period2014–2023 via a&#xa0;multidimensional approach. To comprehensively measure competitiveness, six foreign trade indices were used: revealed comparative advantage, revealed export advantage, revealed import advantage, revealed trade advantage, c revealed symmetric comparative advantage, and revealed symmetric import advantage. The findings indicate that Spain, the world’s largest producer and exporter, has experienced a&#xa0;partial decline in competitive advantage due to rising imports and production fluctuations. By contrast, Tunisia and Greece maintain a&#xa0;strong and sustainable advantage supported by stable export structures. Italy, while retaining a&#xa0;high market share, is notable for its high import dependence and follows a&#xa0;strategy of importing bulk olive oil to process and export as value-added products. For Türkiye, recent export growth and branding initiatives have positively impacted its competitiveness. The study concludes that competitiveness in the global olive oil market depends not only on export structures but also on import dependency, branding strategies, and resilience to climate-related risks.</p>

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Competitive Forces in the Global Olive Oil Market: A Holistic Assessment of Leading Producer Countries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Zehra Meliha Tengiz

摘要

This study examines the competitive structures of the eight leading countries in global olive oil production during the period2014–2023 via a multidimensional approach. To comprehensively measure competitiveness, six foreign trade indices were used: revealed comparative advantage, revealed export advantage, revealed import advantage, revealed trade advantage, c revealed symmetric comparative advantage, and revealed symmetric import advantage. The findings indicate that Spain, the world’s largest producer and exporter, has experienced a partial decline in competitive advantage due to rising imports and production fluctuations. By contrast, Tunisia and Greece maintain a strong and sustainable advantage supported by stable export structures. Italy, while retaining a high market share, is notable for its high import dependence and follows a strategy of importing bulk olive oil to process and export as value-added products. For Türkiye, recent export growth and branding initiatives have positively impacted its competitiveness. The study concludes that competitiveness in the global olive oil market depends not only on export structures but also on import dependency, branding strategies, and resilience to climate-related risks.