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<p>Herbicides are widely used in grapevine nurseries to control weed pressure; however, their sublethal effects on grapevine physiology remain poorly understood. This study investigated dose-dependent responses of grapevine (<i>Vitis vinifera</i>&#xa0;L. cv. ‘Narince’) saplings grafted onto 110R rootstock and exposed to different herbicide types over 2&#xa0;consecutive years (2024–2025). Glyphosate, pendimethalin, dimethenamid‑P, and imazamox were applied at a&#xa0;range of concentrations, and their effects on shoot growth, root development, and sapling yield were evaluated using univariate and multivariate statistical approaches. Three-way analysis of variance revealed significant effects of year, herbicide type, dose, and their interactions on most growth and yield parameters. Root-related traits were particularly sensitive to herbicide exposure and showed clear biphasic responses. Low-dose applications, especially glyphosate and dimethenamid‑P at 1%, stimulated root biomass, root development, and first-size sapling yield, whereas higher doses caused pronounced growth inhibition and yield reduction. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering confirmed a&#xa0;clear separation between low-dose stimulatory and high-dose inhibitory response patterns. Strong positive correlations were observed between root system traits and sapling yield, highlighting the central role of root development in determining sapling quality. The results provide evidence of herbicide-induced hormesis in grapevine saplings and demonstrate substantial physiological plasticity in response to low-level chemical stress. These findings contribute to a&#xa0;broader understanding of dose-dependent stress responses in woody perennial plants and have implications for both plant stress biology and sustainable nursery management.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

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Impact of Herbicide Type and Concentration on Growth and Yield Performance of Vitis vinifera Cv. ‘Narince’ Saplings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月27日

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  • İsa Hazar,
  • Adem Yağcı,
  • Ünal Asav

摘要

Herbicides are widely used in grapevine nurseries to control weed pressure; however, their sublethal effects on grapevine physiology remain poorly understood. This study investigated dose-dependent responses of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Narince’) saplings grafted onto 110R rootstock and exposed to different herbicide types over 2 consecutive years (2024–2025). Glyphosate, pendimethalin, dimethenamid‑P, and imazamox were applied at a range of concentrations, and their effects on shoot growth, root development, and sapling yield were evaluated using univariate and multivariate statistical approaches. Three-way analysis of variance revealed significant effects of year, herbicide type, dose, and their interactions on most growth and yield parameters. Root-related traits were particularly sensitive to herbicide exposure and showed clear biphasic responses. Low-dose applications, especially glyphosate and dimethenamid‑P at 1%, stimulated root biomass, root development, and first-size sapling yield, whereas higher doses caused pronounced growth inhibition and yield reduction. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering confirmed a clear separation between low-dose stimulatory and high-dose inhibitory response patterns. Strong positive correlations were observed between root system traits and sapling yield, highlighting the central role of root development in determining sapling quality. The results provide evidence of herbicide-induced hormesis in grapevine saplings and demonstrate substantial physiological plasticity in response to low-level chemical stress. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of dose-dependent stress responses in woody perennial plants and have implications for both plant stress biology and sustainable nursery management.

Graphic abstract