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<p>Climate change has challenged grape production by reducing the adaptability of traditional cultivars. ‘Black Sun’, a&#xa0;hybrid of <i>Vitis amurensis</i> and a&#xa0;commercial table grape cultivar, was developed in Korea for improved stress tolerance, but its high titratable acidity limits broader use. This study investigated the effects of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) applications (0, 150 and 300 mg/L) on berry and wine quality in ‘Black Sun’. Treatments were applied 10&#xa0;days before veraison, and samples were collected at veraison and full maturity. The 300 mg/L ABA treatment significantly enhanced soluble solids content (SSC), lowered titratable acidity (TA), and improved the SSC/TA ratio compared to control (0 mg/L). Antioxidant activity and total anthocyanin content—including malvidin, delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, and peonidin—were also elevated with 300 mg/L ABA treatment. Additionally, key anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were upregulated at maturity with increasing ABA concentration. No adverse effects were observed at the highest ABA level, indicating potential for further optimization. These results highlight the value of ABA treatment in enhancing berry pigmentation, nutritional quality, and marketability in <i>Vitis amurensis</i> hybrid. Further field studies are needed to optimize treatment timing and integrate this approach into climate-resilient viticulture.</p>

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Exogenous Abscisic Acid Application Improves Berry and Wine Quality in Vitis amurensis Hybrid Grape Cultivar ‘Black Sun’

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

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  • Mewuleddeg Zebro,
  • Jae-Yun Heo

摘要

Climate change has challenged grape production by reducing the adaptability of traditional cultivars. ‘Black Sun’, a hybrid of Vitis amurensis and a commercial table grape cultivar, was developed in Korea for improved stress tolerance, but its high titratable acidity limits broader use. This study investigated the effects of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) applications (0, 150 and 300 mg/L) on berry and wine quality in ‘Black Sun’. Treatments were applied 10 days before veraison, and samples were collected at veraison and full maturity. The 300 mg/L ABA treatment significantly enhanced soluble solids content (SSC), lowered titratable acidity (TA), and improved the SSC/TA ratio compared to control (0 mg/L). Antioxidant activity and total anthocyanin content—including malvidin, delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, and peonidin—were also elevated with 300 mg/L ABA treatment. Additionally, key anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were upregulated at maturity with increasing ABA concentration. No adverse effects were observed at the highest ABA level, indicating potential for further optimization. These results highlight the value of ABA treatment in enhancing berry pigmentation, nutritional quality, and marketability in Vitis amurensis hybrid. Further field studies are needed to optimize treatment timing and integrate this approach into climate-resilient viticulture.