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<p>Pesticides play a&#xa0;key role in enhancing crop productivity, but their residues in food raise significant public health concerns. Guava (<i>Psidium guajava</i>), a&#xa0;widely consumed tropical fruit, is prone to pesticide applications during cultivation. This study aimed to validate a&#xa0;multiresidue liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for the detection of 88&#xa0;pesticides in three guava varieties (local, imported Thai, and supplier-sourced) and to assess consumer awareness of pesticide exposure. Guava samples collected from markets in Tamil Nadu (March 2023–March 2024) were homogenized, extracted using the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method, and analyzed using LC–MS/MS. Among 88&#xa0;pesticides screened, 86&#xa0;were below the limit of quantification (LOQ &lt; 0.01 mg/kg), while thiamethoxam and fluopyram were detected above the LOQ. Thiamethoxam levels in the local variety (0.32 mg/kg), supplier-sourced samples contained 0.15 mg/kg thiamethoxam and 0.13 mg/kg fluopyram, exceeded the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India-set maximum residue limits of 0.01 mg/kg. A&#xa0;consumer survey showed limited awareness of pesticide residue risks and food-safety regulations. The validated LC–MS/MS method demonstrated reliability for simultaneous detection of multiple pesticide residues in guava. The findings emphasize the need for regular residue monitoring and improved public awareness to minimize exposure and protect consumer health and the environment.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

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Integrated Analytical and Social Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Guava Using QuEChERS–LC–MS/MS

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Vaidehi Sreeram,
  • Subramani Annadurai

摘要

Pesticides play a key role in enhancing crop productivity, but their residues in food raise significant public health concerns. Guava (Psidium guajava), a widely consumed tropical fruit, is prone to pesticide applications during cultivation. This study aimed to validate a multiresidue liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for the detection of 88 pesticides in three guava varieties (local, imported Thai, and supplier-sourced) and to assess consumer awareness of pesticide exposure. Guava samples collected from markets in Tamil Nadu (March 2023–March 2024) were homogenized, extracted using the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method, and analyzed using LC–MS/MS. Among 88 pesticides screened, 86 were below the limit of quantification (LOQ < 0.01 mg/kg), while thiamethoxam and fluopyram were detected above the LOQ. Thiamethoxam levels in the local variety (0.32 mg/kg), supplier-sourced samples contained 0.15 mg/kg thiamethoxam and 0.13 mg/kg fluopyram, exceeded the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India-set maximum residue limits of 0.01 mg/kg. A consumer survey showed limited awareness of pesticide residue risks and food-safety regulations. The validated LC–MS/MS method demonstrated reliability for simultaneous detection of multiple pesticide residues in guava. The findings emphasize the need for regular residue monitoring and improved public awareness to minimize exposure and protect consumer health and the environment.

Graphic abstract