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<p>Silicon (Si) is well-documented for its beneficial effects in plants facing various biotic and abiotic stresses. This study was carried out to establish the beneficial influence of Si on fruit drop, cosmetic quality, and mineral nutrient status in the ‘Kinnow’ mandarin hybrid (<i>Citrus nobilis</i> × <i>C.&#xa0;deliciosa</i>). ‘Kinnow’ plants from three commercial orchards located in three districts of Punjab (Pakistan), namely, Vehari, Khanewal and Multan, were subjected to different modes of Si treatments: control (no Si), soil Si (56 kg&#xa0;ha<sup>−1</sup>), foliar Si sprays (56 mg&#xa0;L<sup>−1</sup> solution), and the combined application of Si in soil and foliar sprays (Soil Si + Foliar Si). The results revealed that Soil Si + Foliar Si treatments reduced fruit drop (21.52%) compared to the control (44.10%). Similarly, the treatment Soil Si + Foliar Si resulted in a&#xa0;higher proportion of fruits with fewer blemishes (&lt; 1 cm<sup>2</sup>) on the peel (20.00%) compared to the control treatment (8.22%). Silicon application changed the mineral nutrients in various plant tissues compared to the control. The results were more pronounced for the combined application of Si (Soil + Foliar spray). The results showed that ‘Kinnow’ plants from Multan had low fruit drop and fewer blemishes on the peel and the fruits had higher concentrations of micro- and macronutrients. This study provides baseline data showing that ‘Kinnow’ fruit quality varies according to locality and Si supplementation. The results of this study provide insight into the beneficial role of Si in non-accumulating plants, and this role can be further exploited by applying Si under various soil and environmental conditions to establish its commercial viability as a&#xa0;fertilizer.</p>

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Impact of Silicon Application on the Mineral Nutrient Profile and Fruit Quality of Mandarin Citrus Hybrid ‘Kinnow’

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月16日

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  • Hafiz Faiq Bakhat,
  • Muhammad Imran Razzaq,
  • Muhammad Shafique Khalid,
  • Sunaina Abbas,
  • Natasha,
  • Masood Iqbal Awan,
  • Hasnain Anwar,
  • Ghulam Mustafa Shah,
  • Saira Afzal,
  • Muhammad Rizwan Ashraf,
  • Hafiz Mohkum Hammad

摘要

Silicon (Si) is well-documented for its beneficial effects in plants facing various biotic and abiotic stresses. This study was carried out to establish the beneficial influence of Si on fruit drop, cosmetic quality, and mineral nutrient status in the ‘Kinnow’ mandarin hybrid (Citrus nobilis × C. deliciosa). ‘Kinnow’ plants from three commercial orchards located in three districts of Punjab (Pakistan), namely, Vehari, Khanewal and Multan, were subjected to different modes of Si treatments: control (no Si), soil Si (56 kg ha−1), foliar Si sprays (56 mg L−1 solution), and the combined application of Si in soil and foliar sprays (Soil Si + Foliar Si). The results revealed that Soil Si + Foliar Si treatments reduced fruit drop (21.52%) compared to the control (44.10%). Similarly, the treatment Soil Si + Foliar Si resulted in a higher proportion of fruits with fewer blemishes (< 1 cm2) on the peel (20.00%) compared to the control treatment (8.22%). Silicon application changed the mineral nutrients in various plant tissues compared to the control. The results were more pronounced for the combined application of Si (Soil + Foliar spray). The results showed that ‘Kinnow’ plants from Multan had low fruit drop and fewer blemishes on the peel and the fruits had higher concentrations of micro- and macronutrients. This study provides baseline data showing that ‘Kinnow’ fruit quality varies according to locality and Si supplementation. The results of this study provide insight into the beneficial role of Si in non-accumulating plants, and this role can be further exploited by applying Si under various soil and environmental conditions to establish its commercial viability as a fertilizer.